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The coefficient of variation (CV) is commonly used to measure relative dispersion. However, since it is based on the sample mean and standard deviation, outliers can adversely affect the CV. Additionally, for skewed distributions the mean…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-09-28 Chandima N. P. G. Arachchige , Luke A. Prendergast , Robert G. Staudte

Language Models (LMs) have shown promising performance in natural language generation. However, as LMs often generate incorrect or hallucinated responses, it is crucial to correctly quantify their uncertainty in responding to given inputs.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-17 Xinmeng Huang , Shuo Li , Mengxin Yu , Matteo Sesia , Hamed Hassani , Insup Lee , Osbert Bastani , Edgar Dobriban

This paper provides a user's guide to the general theory of approximate randomization tests developed in Canay, Romano, and Shaikh (2017) when specialized to linear regressions with clustered data. An important feature of the methodology is…

Econometrics · Economics 2022-03-16 Yong Cai , Ivan A. Canay , Deborah Kim , Azeem M. Shaikh

This article introduces the R package csranks for estimation and inference involving ranks. First, we review methods for the construction of confidence sets for ranks, namely marginal and simultaneous confidence sets as well as confidence…

Econometrics · Economics 2024-01-30 Denis Chetverikov , Magne Mogstad , Pawel Morgen , Joseph Romano , Azeem Shaikh , Daniel Wilhelm

J\k{e}drzejczak et al. (2018) constructed a confidence interval for a ratio of quantiles coming from the Dagum distribution, which is frequently applied as a theoretical model in numerous income distribution analyses. The proposed interval…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-03-12 Alina Jȩdrzejczak , Dorota Pekasiewicz , Wojciech Zieliński

To solve the problems in measuring coefficient of skewness related to extreme value, irregular distance from the middle point and distance between two consecutive numbers, "Rank skewness" a new measure of the coefficient of skewness has…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-08-20 Ummay Salma Shorna , Md. Forhad Hossain

Randomized controlled trials (RCT's) allow researchers to estimate causal effects in an experimental sample with minimal identifying assumptions. However, to generalize or transport a causal effect from an RCT to a target population,…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-02-08 Melody Huang

Measurements with randomly chosen settings determine many important properties of quantum states without the need for a shared reference frame or calibration. They naturally emerge in the context of quantum communication and quantum…

When studying the causal effect of $x$ on $y$, researchers may conduct regression and report a confidence interval for the slope coefficient $\beta_{x}$. This common confidence interval provides an assessment of uncertainty from sampling…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-08-26 Brian Knaeble , Braxton Osting , Mark Abramson

This paper considers testing linear hypotheses of a set of mean vectors with unequal covariance matrices in large dimensional setting. The problem of testing the hypothesis $H_0 : \sum_{i=1}^q \beta_i \bmu_i =\bmu_0 $ for a given vector…

Methodology · Statistics 2015-12-22 Dandan Jiang

Bayesian likelihood-free methods implement Bayesian inference using simulation of data from the model to substitute for intractable likelihood evaluations. Most likelihood-free inference methods replace the full data set with a summary…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-10-16 Yinan Mao , Xueou Wang , David J. Nott , Michael Evans

The R package CVEK introduces a suite of flexible machine learning models and robust hypothesis tests for learning the joint nonlinear effects of multiple covariates in limited samples. It implements the Cross-validated Ensemble of Kernels…

Computation · Statistics 2020-12-22 Wenying Deng , Jeremiah Zhe Liu , Erin Lake , Brent A. Coull

Background: Time-to-event data with multiple time scales are observed in many epidemiological and clinical studies. While models that allow for simultaneous consideration of multiple time scales for the hazard of an event have been…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-03-16 Angela Carollo , Paul H. C. Eilers , Hein Putter , Jutta Gampe

We consider a general regression model, without a scale parameter. Our aim is to construct a confidence interval for a scalar parameter of interest $\theta$ that utilizes the uncertain prior information that a distinct scalar parameter…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-09-17 Paul Kabaila , Nishika Ranathunga

For clinical studies with continuous outcomes, when the data are potentially skewed, researchers may choose to report the whole or part of the five-number summary (the sample median, the first and third quartiles, and the minimum and…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-05-09 Jiandong Shi , Dehui Luo , Xiang Wan , Yue Liu , Jiming Liu , Zhaoxiang Bian , Tiejun Tong

In most prediction and estimation situations, scientists consider various statistical models for the same problem, and naturally want to select amongst the best. Hansen et al. (2011) provide a powerful solution to this problem by the…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-01-23 Sebastian Arnold , Georgios Gavrilopoulos , Benedikt Schulz , Johanna Ziegel

Interval estimation of quantiles has been treated by many in the literature. However, to the best of our knowledge there has been no consideration for interval estimation when the data are available in grouped format. Motivated by this, we…

Applications · Statistics 2017-12-08 Dilanka S. Dedduwakumara , Luke A. Prendergast

This article concerns testing for equality of distribution between groups. We focus on screening variables with shared distributional features such as common support, modes and patterns of skewness. We propose a Bayesian testing method…

Methodology · Statistics 2016-02-19 Eric F. Lock , David B. Dunson

When scholars suspect units are dependent on each other within clusters but independent of each other across clusters, they employ cluster-robust standard errors (CRSEs). Nevertheless, what to cluster over is sometimes unknown. For…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-11-12 Kentaro Fukumoto

A nonparametric procedure for robust regression estimation and for quantile regression is proposed which is completely data-driven and adapts locally to the regularity of the regression function. This is achieved by considering in each…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2009-04-06 Markus Reiss , Yves Rozenholc , Charles-Andre Cuenod