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The current monaural state of the art tools for speech separation relies on supervised learning. This means that they must deal with permutation problem, they are impacted by the mismatch on the number of speakers used in training and…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Peter Ochieng

While the general idea of self-supervised learning is identical across modalities, the actual algorithms and objectives differ widely because they were developed with a single modality in mind. To get us closer to general self-supervised…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-27 Alexei Baevski , Wei-Ning Hsu , Qiantong Xu , Arun Babu , Jiatao Gu , Michael Auli

We introduce AuriStream, a biologically inspired model for encoding speech via a two-stage framework inspired by the human auditory processing hierarchy. The first stage transforms raw audio into a time-frequency representation based on the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-18 Greta Tuckute , Klemen Kotar , Evelina Fedorenko , Daniel L. K. Yamins

Self-supervised learning (SSL), as a newly emerging unsupervised representation learning paradigm, generally follows a two-stage learning pipeline: 1) learning invariant and discriminative representations with auto-annotation pretext(s),…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-23 Jiayu Yao , Qingyuan Wu , Quan Feng , Songcan Chen

Automatic methods to predict Mean Opinion Score (MOS) of listeners have been researched to assure the quality of Text-to-Speech systems. Many previous studies focus on architectural advances (e.g. MBNet, LDNet, etc.) to capture relations…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-06-29 Aki Kunikoshi , Jaebok Kim , Wonsuk Jun , Kåre Sjölander

Cross-lingual speech emotion recognition (SER) is important for a wide range of everyday applications. While recent SER research relies heavily on large pretrained models for emotion training, existing studies often concentrate solely on…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-07-09 Shreya G. Upadhyay , Carlos Busso , Chi-Chun Lee

Despite the increasing prevalence of large language models (LLMs), we still have a limited understanding of how their representational spaces are structured. This limits our ability to interpret how and what they learn or relate them to…

Recovering the masked speech frames is widely applied in speech representation learning. However, most of these models use random masking in the pre-training. In this work, we proposed two kinds of masking approaches: (1) speech-level…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-10-26 Xulong Zhang , Jianzong Wang , Ning Cheng , Kexin Zhu , Jing Xiao

In-context learning (ICL) enables large language models (LLMs) to acquire new behaviors from the input sequence alone without any parameter updates. Recent studies have shown that ICL can surpass the original meaning learned in pretraining…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-31 Yongyi Yang , Hidenori Tanaka , Wei Hu

Large Speech Language Models (LSLMs) typically operate at high token rates (tokens/s) to ensure acoustic fidelity, yet this results in sequence lengths that far exceed the underlying semantic content, incurring prohibitive inference costs.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Bajian Xiang , Tingwei Guo , Xuan Chen , Yang Han

Spoken language understanding (SLU) requires a model to analyze input acoustic signal to understand its linguistic content and make predictions. To boost the models' performance, various pre-training methods have been proposed to learn rich…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-03-16 Yu-An Chung , Chenguang Zhu , Michael Zeng

Speaker representation learning is crucial for voice recognition systems, with recent advances in self-supervised approaches reducing dependency on labeled data. Current two-stage iterative frameworks, while effective, suffer from…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-03 Danwei Cai , Zexin Cai , Ze Li , Ming Li

The recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) have revolutionized the field of natural language processing, progressively broadening their scope to multimodal perception and generation. However, effectively integrating listening…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Shujie Hu , Long Zhou , Shujie Liu , Sanyuan Chen , Lingwei Meng , Hongkun Hao , Jing Pan , Xunying Liu , Jinyu Li , Sunit Sivasankaran , Linquan Liu , Furu Wei

Self-supervised learning (SSL) has emerged as a promising paradigm for learning flexible speech representations from unlabeled data. By designing pretext tasks that exploit statistical regularities, SSL models can capture useful…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-01-25 Yusuf Brima , Ulf Krumnack , Simone Pika , Gunther Heidemann

Wav2vec 2.0 is a recently proposed self-supervised framework for speech representation learning. It follows a two-stage training process of pre-training and fine-tuning, and performs well in speech recognition tasks especially ultra-low…

Sound · Computer Science 2021-01-15 Zhiyun Fan , Meng Li , Shiyu Zhou , Bo Xu

Different self-supervised tasks (SSL) reveal different features from the data. The learned feature representations can exhibit different performance for each downstream task. In this light, this work aims to combine Multiple SSL tasks…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-01-05 Arun Balajee Vasudevan , Dengxin Dai , Luc Van Gool

From extracting features to generating text, the outputs of large language models (LLMs) typically rely on the final layers, following the conventional wisdom that earlier layers capture only low-level cues. However, our analysis shows that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Oscar Skean , Md Rifat Arefin , Dan Zhao , Niket Patel , Jalal Naghiyev , Yann LeCun , Ravid Shwartz-Ziv

Although supervised deep learning has revolutionized speech and audio processing, it has necessitated the building of specialist models for individual tasks and application scenarios. It is likewise difficult to apply this to dialects and…

To understand why self-supervised learning (SSL) models have empirically achieved strong performances on several speech-processing downstream tasks, numerous studies have focused on analyzing the encoded information of the SSL layer…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-06-07 Jialu Li , Mark Hasegawa-Johnson , Nancy L. McElwain

Speaker recognition, recognizing speaker identities based on voice alone, enables important downstream applications, such as personalization and authentication. Learning speaker representations, in the context of supervised learning,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-13 Metehan Cekic , Ruirui Li , Zeya Chen , Yuguang Yang , Andreas Stolcke , Upamanyu Madhow