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Training models on synthetic data has emerged as an increasingly important strategy for improving the performance of generative AI. This approach is particularly helpful for large multimodal models (LMMs) due to the relative scarcity of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Gabriela Ben Melech Stan , Estelle Aflalo , Avinash Madasu , Vasudev Lal , Phillip Howard

As the demand for high-quality data in model training grows, researchers and developers are increasingly generating synthetic data to tune and train LLMs. However, current data generation methods rely on seed sets containing tens of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Alan Zhu , Parth Asawa , Jared Quincy Davis , Lingjiao Chen , Boris Hanin , Ion Stoica , Joseph E. Gonzalez , Matei Zaharia

Recently, Large language models (LLMs) with in-context learning have demonstrated remarkable potential in handling neural machine translation. However, existing evidence shows that LLMs are prompt-sensitive and it is sub-optimal to apply…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-06 Lei Tang , Jinghui Qin , Wenxuan Ye , Hao Tan , Zhijing Yang

Large language models (LLMs) have gained considerable attention for Artificial Intelligence Generated Content (AIGC), particularly with the emergence of ChatGPT. However, the direct adaptation of continuous speech to LLMs that process…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-08-28 Haibin Wu , Kai-Wei Chang , Yuan-Kuei Wu , Hung-yi Lee

The emergence of attention-based transformer models has led to their extensive use in various tasks, due to their superior generalization and transfer properties. Recent research has demonstrated that such models, when prompted…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-19 Mir Rayat Imtiaz Hossain , Mennatullah Siam , Leonid Sigal , James J. Little

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance in diverse tasks using zero-shot and few-shot prompting. Even though their capabilities of data synthesis have been studied well in recent years, the generated data…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-19 Suhas S Kowshik , Abhishek Divekar , Vijit Malik

Few-shot image classification aims to learn an image classifier using only a small set of labeled examples per class. A recent research direction for improving few-shot classifiers involves augmenting the labelled samples with synthetic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-11 Victor G. Turrisi da Costa , Nicola Dall'Asen , Yiming Wang , Nicu Sebe , Elisa Ricci

While Large Language Models (LLMs) exhibit remarkable capabilities in zero-shot and few-shot scenarios, they often require computationally prohibitive sizes. Conversely, smaller Masked Language Models (MLMs) like BERT and RoBERTa achieve…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-18 Ahmed Elshabrawy , Yongxin Huang , Iryna Gurevych , Alham Fikri Aji

Synthetic data generation is an appealing tool for augmenting and enriching datasets, playing a crucial role in advancing artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML). Not only does synthetic data help build robust AI/ML datasets…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-20 José Pulido , Francesc Wilhelmi , Sergio Fortes , Alfonso Fernández-Durán , Lorenzo Galati Giordano , Raquel Barco

Although language models (LMs) have boosted the performance of Question Answering, they still need plenty of data. Data annotation, in contrast, is a time-consuming process. This especially applies to Question Answering, where possibly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-16 Maximilian Schmidt , Andrea Bartezzaghi , Ngoc Thang Vu

Large-scale pre-trained language models have contributed significantly to natural language processing by demonstrating remarkable abilities as few-shot learners. However, their effectiveness depends mainly on scaling the model parameters…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-01-26 Ningyu Zhang , Luoqiu Li , Xiang Chen , Shumin Deng , Zhen Bi , Chuanqi Tan , Fei Huang , Huajun Chen

For long-tailed classification, most works often pretrain a big model on a large-scale dataset, and then fine-tune the whole model for adapting to long-tailed data. Though promising, fine-tuning the whole pretrained model tends to suffer…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-29 Bowen Dong , Pan Zhou , Shuicheng Yan , Wangmeng Zuo

Most existing few-shot learning (FSL) methods require a large amount of labeled data in meta-training, which is a major limit. To reduce the requirement of labels, a semi-supervised meta-training (SSMT) setting has been proposed for FSL,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Xingping Dong , Tianran Ouyang , Shengcai Liao , Bo Du , Ling Shao

Large pre-trained vision language models (VLMs) have shown impressive zero-shot ability on downstream tasks with manually designed prompt. To further adapt VLMs to downstream tasks, soft prompt is proposed to replace manually designed…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-15 Shuanghao Bai , Yuedi Zhang , Wanqi Zhou , Zhirong Luan , Badong Chen

The advance of generative models for images has inspired various training techniques for image recognition utilizing synthetic images. In semantic segmentation, one promising approach is extracting pseudo-masks from attention maps in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Ryota Yoshihashi , Yuya Otsuka , Kenji Doi , Tomohiro Tanaka , Hirokatsu Kataoka

Fine-tuning vision-language models (VLMs) like CLIP to downstream tasks is often necessary to optimize their performance. However, a major obstacle is the limited availability of labeled data. We study the use of pseudolabels, i.e.,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-11 Cristina Menghini , Andrew Delworth , Stephen H. Bach

We present a novel study analyzing the effects of various prompt loss token weights (PLW) for supervised instruction fine-tuning (SIFT). While prompt-masking (PLW = 0) is common for SIFT, some fine-tuning APIs support fractional PLWs and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Mathew Huerta-Enochian , Seung Yong Ko

Large Language models (LLMs), while powerful, exhibit harmful social biases. Debiasing is often challenging due to computational costs, data constraints, and potential degradation of multi-task language capabilities. This work introduces a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-17 Pengrui Han , Rafal Kocielnik , Adhithya Saravanan , Roy Jiang , Or Sharir , Anima Anandkumar

Learning to converse using only a few examples is a great challenge in conversational AI. The current best conversational models, which are either good chit-chatters (e.g., BlenderBot) or goal-oriented systems (e.g., MinTL), are language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-10-18 Andrea Madotto , Zhaojiang Lin , Genta Indra Winata , Pascale Fung

The collection and curation of high-quality training data is crucial for developing text classification models with superior performance, but it is often associated with significant costs and time investment. Researchers have recently…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-16 Zhuoyan Li , Hangxiao Zhu , Zhuoran Lu , Ming Yin
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