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Recent advances in generative AI have led to remarkable interest in using systems that rely on large language models (LLMs) for practical applications. However, meaningful evaluation of these systems in real-world scenarios comes with a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Ethan M. Rudd , Christopher Andrews , Philip Tully

Instruction-following is a fundamental ability of Large Language Models (LLMs), requiring their generated outputs to follow multiple constraints imposed in input instructions. Numerous studies have attempted to enhance this ability through…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Bosi Wen , Yilin Niu , Cunxiang Wang , Pei Ke , Xiaoying Ling , Ying Zhang , Aohan Zeng , Hongning Wang , Minlie Huang

Self-critic has become a crucial mechanism for enhancing the reasoning performance of LLMs. However, current approaches mainly involve basic prompts for intuitive instance-level feedback, which resembles System-1 processes and limits the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Xin Zheng , Jie Lou , Boxi Cao , Xueru Wen , Yuqiu Ji , Hongyu Lin , Yaojie Lu , Xianpei Han , Debing Zhang , Le Sun

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly explored for educational tasks such as grading, yet their alignment with human evaluation in real classrooms remains underexamined. In this study, we investigate the feasibility of using an LLM…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Grace Byun , Swati Rajwal , Jinho D. Choi

Simulated Students offer a valuable methodological framework for evaluating pedagogical approaches and modelling diverse learner profiles, tasks which are otherwise challenging to undertake systematically in real-world settings. Recent…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Luis Marquez-Carpintero , Alberto Lopez-Sellers , Miguel Cazorla

The evaluation of Large Language Models (LLMs) increasingly relies on other LLMs acting as judges. However, current evaluation paradigms typically yield a single score or ranking, answering which model is better but not why. While essential…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-25 Asaf Yehudai , Lilach Eden , Yotam Perlitz , Roy Bar-Haim , Michal Shmueli-Scheuer

We introduce LLaVA-Critic, the first open-source large multimodal model (LMM) designed as a generalist evaluator to assess performance across a wide range of multimodal tasks. LLaVA-Critic is trained using a high-quality critic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-05 Tianyi Xiong , Xiyao Wang , Dong Guo , Qinghao Ye , Haoqi Fan , Quanquan Gu , Heng Huang , Chunyuan Li

This paper introduces a framework for the automated evaluation of natural language texts. A manually constructed rubric describes how to assess multiple dimensions of interest. To evaluate a text, a large language model (LLM) is prompted…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-03 Helia Hashemi , Jason Eisner , Corby Rosset , Benjamin Van Durme , Chris Kedzie

Previous research has shown that LLMs have potential in multilingual NLG evaluation tasks. However, existing research has not fully explored the differences in the evaluation capabilities of LLMs across different languages. To this end,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-07 Jiayi Chang , Mingqi Gao , Xinyu Hu , Xiaojun Wan

Recommender systems have traditionally followed modular architectures comprising candidate generation, multi-stage ranking, and re-ranking, each trained separately with supervised objectives and hand-engineered features. While effective in…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-10-06 Rahul Raja , Anshaj Vats , Arpita Vats , Anirban Majumder

While large language models (LLMs) have been used for automated grading, they have not yet achieved the same level of performance as humans, especially when it comes to grading complex questions. Existing research on this topic focuses on a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-05-31 Wenjing Xie , Juxin Niu , Chun Jason Xue , Nan Guan

Recent advances in decision-making policies have led to significant progress in fields such as autonomous driving and robotics. However, testing these policies remains crucial with the existence of critical scenarios that may threaten their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Weichao Xu , Huaxin Pei , Jingxuan Yang , Yuchen Shi , Yi Zhang , Qianchuan Zhao

The evolving pedagogy paradigms are leading toward educational transformations. One fundamental aspect of effective learning is relevant, immediate, and constructive feedback to students. Providing constructive feedback to large cohorts in…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Javed Ali Khan , Muhammad Yaqoob , Mamoona Tasadduq , Hafsa Shareef Dar , Aitezaz Ahsan

Large Language Models (LLMs) evaluation is a patchy and inconsistent landscape, and it is becoming clear that the quality of automatic evaluation metrics is not keeping up with the pace of development of generative models. We aim to improve…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Andrea Sottana , Bin Liang , Kai Zou , Zheng Yuan

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable adaptability, showcasing their capacity to excel in tasks for which they were not explicitly trained. However, despite their impressive natural language processing (NLP)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-08 Supun Manathunga , Isuru Hettigoda

Teaching large language models (LLMs) to critique and refine their outputs is crucial for building systems that can iteratively improve, yet it is fundamentally limited by the ability to provide accurate judgments and actionable…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Zhihui Xie , Jie Chen , Liyu Chen , Weichao Mao , Jingjing Xu , Lingpeng Kong

Question answering (QA) tasks have been extensively studied in the field of natural language processing (NLP). Answers to open-ended questions are highly diverse and difficult to quantify, and cannot be simply evaluated as correct or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-03 Xiaotian Lu , Jiyi Li , Koh Takeuchi , Hisashi Kashima

This critical review provides an in-depth analysis of Large Language Models (LLMs), encompassing their foundational principles, diverse applications, and advanced training methodologies. We critically examine the evolution from Recurrent…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Milad Moradi , Ke Yan , David Colwell , Matthias Samwald , Rhona Asgari

This study explored how large language models (LLMs) perform in two areas related to art: writing critiques of artworks and reasoning about mental states (Theory of Mind, or ToM) in art-related situations. For the critique generation part,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Takaya Arita , Wenxian Zheng , Reiji Suzuki , Fuminori Akiba

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used as automated evaluators of AI systems, including in high-stakes applications. In this role, LLMs are used to generate judgments about the quality, appropriateness, or even safety of model…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Jane Paik Kim
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