Related papers: When Precedents Clash
Contextuality was originally defined only for consistently connected systems of random variables (those without disturbance/signaling). Contextuality-by-Default theory (CbD) offers an extension of the notion of contextuality to…
The increasing acceptance of large language models (LLMs) as an alternative to knowledge sources marks a significant paradigm shift across various domains, including time-sensitive fields such as law, healthcare, and finance. To fulfill…
In order to converge in the presence of concurrent updates, modern eventually consistent replication systems rely on causality information and operation semantics. It is relatively easy to use semantics of high-level operations on…
This paper outlines a general formal framework for reasoning systems, intended to support future analysis of inference architectures across domains. We model reasoning systems as structured tuples comprising phenomena, explanation space,…
This study investigates the challenges posed by the dynamic nature of legal multi-label text classification tasks, where legal concepts evolve over time. Existing models often overlook the temporal dimension in their training process,…
This paper presents and discusses several methods for reasoning from inconsistent knowledge bases. A so-called argumentative-consequence relation taking into account the existence of consistent arguments in favor of a conclusion and the…
We present a constraint-based algorithm for learning causal structures from observational time-series data, in the presence of latent confounders. We assume a discrete-time, stationary structural vector autoregressive process, with both…
Planning is one of the most studied problems in computer science. In this paper, we consider the timeline-based approach, where the domain is modeled by a set of independent, but interacting, components, identified by a set of state…
The inherent difficulty in talking about quantum decoherence in the context of quantum cosmology is that decoherence requires subsystems, and cosmology is the study of the whole Universe. Consistent histories gave a possible answer to this…
This paper proposes a way to effectively compare the potential of processes to cause conflict. In discrete event systems theory, two concurrent systems are said to be in conflict if they can get trapped in a situation where they are both…
The decision tree recursively partitions the input space into regions and derives axis-aligned decision boundaries from data. Despite its simplicity and interpretability, decision trees lack parameterized representation, which makes it…
We define am axiomatic timeless framework for asynchronous distributed systems, together with well-formedness and consistency axioms, which unifies and generalizes the expressive power of current approaches. 1) It combines classic…
While neural models show remarkable accuracy on individual predictions, their internal beliefs can be inconsistent across examples. In this paper, we formalize such inconsistency as a generalization of prediction error. We propose a…
Recently ({\em Class. Quant. Grav.} {\bf 20} 625-664) the concept of {\em causal mapping} between spacetimes --essentially equivalent in this context to the {\em chronological map} one in abstract chronological spaces--, and the related…
In goal-oriented requirements engineering, goal conflict identification is of fundamental importance for requirements analysis. The task aims to find the feasible situations which make the goals diverge within the domain, called boundary…
Linearizability has become the key correctness criterion for concurrent data structures, ensuring that histories of the concurrent object under consideration are consistent, where consistency is judged with respect to a sequential history…
Quantified modal logic provides a natural logical language for reasoning about modal attitudes even while retaining the richness of quantification for referring to predicates over domains. But then most fragments of the logic are…
When dealing with multi-class classification problems, it is common practice to build a model consisting of a series of binary classifiers using a learning paradigm which dictates how the classifiers are built and combined to discriminate…
Unaided human decision making appears to systematically violate consistency constraints imposed by normative theories; these biases in turn appear to justify the application of formal decision-analytic models. It is argued that both claims…
Synchronizing decisions between running cases in business processes facilitates fair and efficient use of resources, helps prioritize the most valuable cases, and prevents unnecessary waiting. Consequently, decision synchronization patterns…