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This paper presents the development of a speech synthesis system for the LIMMITS'24 Challenge, focusing primarily on Track 2. The objective of the challenge is to establish a multi-speaker, multi-lingual Indic Text-to-Speech system with…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-06-27 Xiaopeng Wang , Yi Lu , Xin Qi , Zhiyong Wang , Yuankun Xie , Shuchen Shi , Ruibo Fu

Large language models recall knowledge reliably in English but often fail on the same query posed in a lower-resourced language -- a crosslingual consistency gap that remains underexplored for Indian languages and their code-mixed…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Debajyoti Mazumder , Divyansh Pathak , Prashant Kodali , Aditya Joshi , Akshay Agarwal , Jasabanta Patro

Automatic summarization of legal case judgments is a practically important problem that has attracted substantial research efforts in many countries. In the context of the Indian judiciary, there is an additional complexity -- Indian legal…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Debtanu Datta , Shubham Soni , Rajdeep Mukherjee , Saptarshi Ghosh

India is the second largest English-speaking country in the world with a speaker base of roughly 130 million. Thus, it is imperative that automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems for English should be evaluated on Indian accents.…

Computer-Assisted Pronunciation Training (CAPT) has been extensively studied for English. However, there remains a critical gap in its application to Indian languages with a base of 1.5 billion speakers. Pronunciation tools tailored to…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-04 Arnav Rustagi , Satvik Bajpai , Nimrat Kaur , Siddharth Siddharth

Known by more than 1.5 billion people in the Indian subcontinent, Indic languages present unique challenges and opportunities for natural language processing (NLP) research due to their rich cultural heritage, linguistic diversity, and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-29 Sankalp KJ , Ashutosh Kumar , Laxmaan Balaji , Nikunj Kotecha , Vinija Jain , Aman Chadha , Sreyoshi Bhaduri

Evaluating Large Language Models (LLMs) in low-resource and linguistically diverse languages remains a significant challenge in NLP, particularly for languages using non-Latin scripts like those spoken in India. Existing benchmarks…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-05 Sshubam Verma , Mohammed Safi Ur Rahman Khan , Vishwajeet Kumar , Rudra Murthy , Jaydeep Sen

Deep learning based text-to-speech (TTS) systems have been evolving rapidly with advances in model architectures, training methodologies, and generalization across speakers and languages. However, these advances have not been thoroughly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-02-20 Gokul Karthik Kumar , Praveen S , Pratyush Kumar , Mitesh M. Khapra , Karthik Nandakumar

Code-switching refers to the usage of two languages within a sentence or discourse. It is a global phenomenon among multilingual communities and has emerged as an independent area of research. With the increasing demand for the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-10-02 Ganji Sreeram , Kunal Dhawan , Rohit Sinha

India's linguistic landscape, spanning 22 scheduled languages and hundreds of marginalized dialects, has driven rapid growth in NLP datasets, benchmarks, and pretrained models. However, no dedicated survey consolidates resources developed…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Raghvendra Kumar , Devankar Raj , Sriparna Saha

While Indic NLP has made rapid advances recently in terms of the availability of corpora and pre-trained models, benchmark datasets on standard NLU tasks are limited. To this end, we introduce IndicXNLI, an NLI dataset for 11 Indic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-20 Divyanshu Aggarwal , Vivek Gupta , Anoop Kunchukuttan

Multilingual large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed in linguistically diverse regions like India, yet most interpretability tools remain tailored to English. Prior work reveals that LLMs often operate in English centric…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-19 Mihir Panchal , Deeksha Varshney , Mamta , Asif Ekbal

Automatic spoken language identification (LID) is a very important research field in the era of multilingual voice-command-based human-computer interaction (HCI). A front-end LID module helps to improve the performance of many speech-based…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-12-08 Spandan Dey , Md Sahidullah , Goutam Saha

Building Natural Language Understanding (NLU) capabilities for Indic languages, which have a collective speaker base of more than one billion speakers is absolutely crucial. In this work, we aim to improve the NLU capabilities of Indic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-25 Sumanth Doddapaneni , Rahul Aralikatte , Gowtham Ramesh , Shreya Goyal , Mitesh M. Khapra , Anoop Kunchukuttan , Pratyush Kumar

Language is a method by which individuals express their thoughts. Each language has its own set of alphabetic and numeric characters. People can communicate with one another through either oral or written communication. However, each…

Multimodal research has predominantly focused on single-image reasoning, with limited exploration of multi-image scenarios. Recent models have sought to enhance multi-image understanding through large-scale pretraining on interleaved…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Shaharukh Khan , Ali Faraz , Abhinav Ravi , Mohd Nauman , Mohd Sarfraz , Akshat Patidar , Raja Kolla , Chandra Khatri , Shubham Agarwal

This research investigates biases in text-to-image (TTI) models for the Indic languages widely spoken across India. It evaluates and compares the generative performance and cultural relevance of leading TTI models in these languages against…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-02 Surbhi Mittal , Arnav Sudan , Mayank Vatsa , Richa Singh , Tamar Glaser , Tal Hassner

We introduce a new dataset of conversational speech representing English from India, Nigeria, and the United States. The Multi-Dialect Dataset of Dialogues (MD3) strikes a new balance between open-ended conversational speech and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-22 Jacob Eisenstein , Vinodkumar Prabhakaran , Clara Rivera , Dorottya Demszky , Devyani Sharma

Large language models (LLMs) demonstrated transformative capabilities in many applications that require automatically generating responses based on human instruction. However, the major challenge for building LLMs, particularly in Indic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-16 Shantipriya Parida , Shakshi Panwar , Kusum Lata , Sanskruti Mishra , Sambit Sekhar

Transliteration is a task in the domain of NLP where the output word is a similar-sounding word written using the letters of any foreign language. Today this system has been developed for several language pairs that involve English as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-08-24 Yash Raj , Bhavesh Laddagiri