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Forward modeling of wave scattering and radar imaging mechanisms is the key to information extraction from synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images. Like inverse graphics in optical domain, an inherently-integrated forward-inverse approach…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-23 Shilei Fu , Feng Xu

The intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) technology has recently attracted a lot of interest in wireless communications research. An IRS consists of passive reflective elements capable of tuning the phase, amplitude, frequency and…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-06-06 Zahra Esmaeilbeig , Kumar Vijay Mishra , Mojtaba Soltanalian

This paper presents a new approach for filter design based on stochastic distances and tests between distributions. A window is defined around each pixel, samples are compared and only those which pass a goodness-of-fit test are used to…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2012-07-04 Leonardo Torres , Tamer Cavalcante , Alejandro C. Frery

While regression models capture the relationship between predictors and the response variable, they often lack intuitive accompanying methods to understand the influence of predictors on the outcome. To address this, we introduce an…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-02-06 Jihao You , Dan Tulpan , Jiaojiao Diao , Jennifer L. Ellis

Benefiting from a relatively larger aperture's angle, and in combination with a wide transmitting bandwidth, near-field synthetic aperture radar (SAR) provides a high-resolution image of a target's scattering distribution-hot spots.…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-11-29 Xu Zhan , Xiaoling Zhang , Wensi Zhang , Jun Shi , Shunjun Wei , Tianjiao Zeng

Delayed target response in synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imaging can be obscured by the range-delay ambiguity and speckle. To analyze the range-delay ambiguity, one extends the standard SAR formulation and allows both the target…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-09-04 Mikhail Gilman , Semyon Tsynkov

This paper presents a technique for reducing speckle in Polarimetric Synthetic Aperture Radar (PolSAR) imagery using Nonlocal Means and a statistical test based on stochastic divergences. The main objective is to select homogeneous pixels…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2013-04-18 Leonardo Torres , Sidnei J. S. Sant'Anna , Corina C. Freitas , Alejandro C. Frery

We present an efficient incremental SLAM back-end that achieves the accuracy of full batch optimization while substantially reducing computational cost. The proposed approach combines two complementary ideas: information-guided gating (IGG)…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-01-14 Reza Arablouei

Foundation model approaches such as masked auto-encoders (MAE) or its variations are now being successfully applied to satellite imagery. Most of the ongoing technical validation of foundation models have been applied to optical images like…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-05 Ali Caglayan , Nevrez Imamoglu , Toru Kouyama

Efficient estimation methods for simultaneous autoregressive (SAR) models with missing data in the response variable have been well-explored in the literature. A common practice is to introduce measurement error into SAR models to separate…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-10-10 Anjana Wijayawardhana , Thomas Suesse , David Gunawan

This research tackles the challenge of speckle noise in Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) space data, a prevalent issue that hampers the clarity and utility of SAR images. The study presents a comparative analysis of six distinct speckle noise…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-19 Sanjjushri Varshini R , Rohith Mahadevan , Bagiya Lakshmi S , Mathivanan Periasamy , Raja CSP Raman , Lokesh M

Mixed spatial autoregressive (SAR) models with numerical covariates have been well studied. However, as non-numerical data, such as functional data and compositional data, receive substantial amounts of attention and are applied to…

Applications · Statistics 2018-11-08 Huiwen Wang , Tingting Huang , Shanshan Wang

When waves propagate through a strongly scattering medium the energy is transferred to the incoherent wave part by scattering. The wave intensity then forms a random speckle pattern seemingly without much useful information. However, a…

Optics · Physics 2018-02-23 Josselin Garnier , Knut Solna

Robust regression models in the presence of outliers have significant practical relevance in areas such as signal processing, financial econometrics, and energy management. Many existing robust regression methods, either grounded in…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-30 Pengyang Song , Jue Wang

We propose an analytical framework based on stochastic geometry (SG) formulations to estimate a radar's detection performance under generalized discrete clutter conditions. We model the spatial distribution of discrete clutter scatterers as…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-01-21 Shobha Sundar Ram , Gaurav Singh , Gourab Ghatak

Vision foundation models in remote sensing have been extensively studied due to their superior generalization on various downstream tasks. Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) offers all-day, all-weather imaging capabilities, providing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-17 Mengyu Wang , Hanbo Bi , Yingchao Feng , Linlin Xin , Shuo Gong , Tianqi Wang , Zhiyuan Yan , Peijin Wang , Wenhui Diao , Xian Sun

Appropriate models for spatially autocorrelated data account for the fact that observations are not independent. A popular model in this context is the simultaneous autoregressive (SAR) model that allows to model the spatial dependency…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-07-12 A. Kreuzer , T. Erhardt , T. Nagler , C. Czado

Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) is a tomographic sensor that measures 2D slices of the 3D spatial Fourier transform of the scene. In many operational scenarios, the measured set of 2D slices does not fill the 3D space in the Fourier domain,…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-20 Nithin Sugavanam , Emre Ertin

Multiplicative noise, also known as speckle or pepper noise, commonly affects images produced by synthetic aperture radar (SAR), lasers, or optical lenses. Unlike additive noise, which typically arises from thermal processes or external…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-12-16 An Vuong , Thinh Nguyen

In this paper, we introduce an iterative speckle filtering method for polarimetric SAR (PolSAR) images based on the bilateral filter. To locally adapt to the spatial structure of images, this filter relies on pixel similarities in both…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2013-11-04 Olivier D'Hondt , Stéphane Guillaso , Olaf Hellwich