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Effective knowledge management is critical for preserving institutional expertise and improving the efficiency of workforce training in state transportation agencies. Traditional approaches, such as static documentation, classroom-based…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Divija Amaram , Lu Gao , Gowtham Reddy Gudla , Tejaswini Sanjay Katale

The advent of large language models (LLMs) has allowed numerous applications, including the generation of queried responses, to be leveraged in chatbots and other conversational assistants. Being trained on a plethora of data, LLMs often…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-16 Deeksha Prahlad , Chanhee Lee , Dongha Kim , Hokeun Kim

Large Language Models (LLMs), although powerful in general domains, often perform poorly on domain-specific tasks such as medical question answering (QA). In addition, LLMs tend to function as "black-boxes", making it challenging to modify…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-19 Yucheng Shi , Shaochen Xu , Tianze Yang , Zhengliang Liu , Tianming Liu , Quanzheng Li , Xiang Li , Ninghao Liu

Despite their remarkable capabilities, large language models (LLMs) often produce responses containing factual inaccuracies due to their sole reliance on the parametric knowledge they encapsulate. Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG), an ad…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-19 Akari Asai , Zeqiu Wu , Yizhong Wang , Avirup Sil , Hannaneh Hajishirzi

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems are usually defined by the combination of a generator and a retrieval component that extracts textual context from a knowledge base to answer user queries. However, such basic implementations…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Pietro Ferrazzi , Milica Cvjeticanin , Alessio Piraccini , Davide Giannuzzi

RAG (Retrieval Augmented Generation) allows LLMs (large language models) to generate better responses with external knowledge, but using more external knowledge often improves generation quality at the expense of response delay. Prior work…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Siddhant Ray , Rui Pan , Zhuohan Gu , Kuntai Du , Shaoting Feng , Ganesh Ananthanarayanan , Ravi Netravali , Junchen Jiang

Large language models (LLMs) have been widely used for various tasks and applications. However, LLMs and fine-tuning are limited to the pre-trained data. For example, ChatGPT's world knowledge until 2021 can be outdated or inaccurate. To…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-24 Ahsan Bilal , Beiyu Lin

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) has gained traction as a powerful approach for enhancing language models by integrating external knowledge sources. However, RAG introduces challenges such as retrieval latency, potential errors in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Brian J Chan , Chao-Ting Chen , Jui-Hung Cheng , Hen-Hsen Huang

Automated question-answering (QA) systems increasingly rely on retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) to ground large language models (LLMs) in authoritative medical knowledge, ensuring clinical accuracy and patient safety in Artificial…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Aswini Sivakumar , Vijayan Sugumaran , Yao Qiang

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems have shown promise in enhancing the performance of Large Language Models (LLMs). However, these systems face challenges in effectively integrating external knowledge with the LLM's internal…

Augmenting Large Language Models (LLMs) with information retrieval capabilities (i.e., Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG)) has proven beneficial for knowledge-intensive tasks. However, understanding users' contextual search intent when…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-25 Nirmal Roy , Leonardo F. R. Ribeiro , Rexhina Blloshmi , Kevin Small

As artificial intelligence permeates judicial forensics, ensuring the veracity and traceability of legal question answering (QA) has become critical. Conventional large language models (LLMs) are prone to hallucination, risking misleading…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Yueqing Xi , Yifan Bai , Huasen Luo , Weiliang Wen , Hui Liu , Haoliang Li

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has emerged as a powerful approach for grounding Large Language Model (LLM)-based chatbot responses on external knowledge. However, existing RAG studies typically assume well-structured textual sources…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Sungmoon Kim , Hyuna Jeon , Dahye Kim , Mingyu Kim , Dong-Kyu Chae , Jiwoong Kim

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has recently demonstrated the performance of Large Language Models (LLMs) in the knowledge-intensive tasks such as Question-Answering (QA). RAG expands the query context by incorporating external…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Zijian Hei , Weiling Liu , Wenjie Ou , Juyi Qiao , Junming Jiao , Guowen Song , Ting Tian , Yi Lin

Large language models (LLMs) have recently been applied to dialog systems. Despite making progress, LLMs are prone to errors in knowledge-intensive scenarios. Recently, approaches based on retrieval augmented generation (RAG) and agent have…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Yucheng Cai , Yuxuan Wu , Yi Huang , Junlan Feng , Zhijian Ou

The recently developed retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) technology has enabled the efficient construction of domain-specific applications. However, it also has limitations, including the gap between vector similarity and the relevance…

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown remarkable capabilities in general domains but often struggle with tasks requiring specialized knowledge. Conventional Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) techniques typically retrieve external…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-20 Yucheng Shi , Tianze Yang , Canyu Chen , Quanzheng Li , Tianming Liu , Xiang Li , Ninghao Liu

Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) has emerged as a powerful application of Large Language Models (LLMs), revolutionizing information search and consumption. RAG systems combine traditional search capabilities with LLMs to generate…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Harsh Maheshwari , Srikanth Tenneti , Alwarappan Nakkiran

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) methods encounter difficulties when addressing complex questions like multi-hop queries. While iterative retrieval methods improve performance by gathering additional information, current approaches…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-27 Ziyuan Zhuang , Zhiyang Zhang , Sitao Cheng , Fangkai Yang , Jia Liu , Shujian Huang , Qingwei Lin , Saravan Rajmohan , Dongmei Zhang , Qi Zhang

The retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) enables retrieval of relevant information from an external knowledge source and allows large language models (LLMs) to answer queries over previously unseen document collections. However, it was…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-03 Mykhailo Poliakov , Nadiya Shvai