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LoRaWAN is a wireless technology that enables high-density deployments of IoT devices. Designed for Low Power Wide Area Networks (LPWAN), LoRaWAN employs large cells to service a potentially extremely high number of devices. The technology…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-02-19 Stefano Milani , Ioannis Chatzigiannakis , Domenico Garlisi , Matteo Di Fraia , Patrizio Pisani

There are currently many communication options in the Internet of Things, even in particular areas such as constrained and battery-powered devices, such as Low Power Wide Area Networks. Understanding the differences and characteristics of…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-07-17 Wesley dos Reis Bezerra , Lais Machado Bezerra , Carlos Becker Westphall

The Long-Range Wide-Area Network (LoRaWAN) specification was released in 2015, primarily to support the Internet-of-Things by facilitating wireless communication over long distances. Since 2015, the role-out and adoption of LoRaWAN has seen…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2017-06-13 Norbert Blenn , Fernando Kuipers

The need for low power, long range and low cost connectivity to meet the requirements of IoT applications has led to the emergence of Low Power Wide Area (LPWA) networking technologies. The promise of these technologies to wirelessly…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2017-12-15 Alexandru-Ioan Pop , Usman Raza , Parag Kulkarni , Mahesh Sooriyabandara

Cyber-physical systems and the Internet of Things (IoT) are key technologies in the Industry 4.0 vision. They incorporate sensors and actuators to interact with the physical environment. However, when creating and interconnecting components…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Florian Hofer , Barbara Russo

Continuous energy monitoring is essential for identifying potential savings and predicting the energy requirements of buildings. Energy meters are often located in underground spaces that are difficult to reach with wireless technology.…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Christof Röhrig , Benz Cramer

Both physical and MAC-layer need to be jointly optimized to maximize the autonomy of IoT devices. Therefore, a cross-layer design is imperative to effectively realize Low Power Wide Area networks (LPWANs). In the present paper, a…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-03-23 Gilles Callebaut , Geoffrey Ottoy , Liesbet Van der Perre

LoRa wireless networks are considered as a key enabling technology for next generation internet of things (IoT) systems. New IoT deployments (e.g., smart city scenarios) can have thousands of devices per square kilometer leading to huge…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2021-09-07 Rami Hamdi , Emna Baccour , Aiman Erbad , Marwa Qaraqe , Mounir Hamdi

In this paper, we deliver a discussion regarding the role of Low-Power Wide-Area Networks (LPWAN) in the cellular Internet-of-Things (IoT) infrastructure to support massive Machine-Type Communications (mMTC) in next-generation wireless…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2020-02-20 Arliones Hoeller , Jean Sant'Ana , Juho Markkula , Konstantin Mikhaylov , Richard Souza , Hirley Alves

Wireless sensors and actuators offer benefits to large industrial control systems. The absence of wires for communication reduces the deployment cost, maintenance effort, and provides greater flexibility for sensor and actuator location and…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2020-02-05 Ivana Tomić , Laksh Bhatia , Michael J. Breza , Julie A. McCann

The relentless development of the Internet of Things (IoT) communication technologies and the gradual maturity of Artificial Intelligence (AI) have led to a powerful cognitive computing ability. Users can now access efficient and convenient…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2018-10-25 Min Chen , Yiming Miao , Xin Jian , Xiaofei Wang , Iztok Humar

Long range wide area networks (LoRaWAN) technology provides a simple solution to enable low-cost services for low power internet-of-things (IoT) networks in various applications. The current evaluation of LoRaWAN networks relies on…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2020-09-22 Furqan Hameed Khan , Raja Jurdak , Marius Portmann

Future 5G and Internet of Things (IoT) applications will heavily rely on long-range communication technologies such as low-power wireless area networks (LPWANs). In particular, LoRaWAN built on LoRa physical layer is gathering increasing…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2018-09-26 Nancy El Rachkidy , Alexandre Guitton , Megumi Kaneko

Network planning is a fundamental task in wireless communications, primarily focused on guaranteeing adequate coverage for every network device. In this context, the quality of any planning effort strongly depends on the channel model…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Cláudio Modesto , Lucas Mozart , Glauco Gonçalves , Cleverson Nahum , Bruno Castro , Aldebaro Klautau

The quick proliferation of LPWAN networks, being LoRaWAN one of the most adopted, raised the interest of the industry, network operators and facilitated the development of novel services based on large scale and simple network structures.…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2020-06-16 Ferran Adelantado , Xavier Vilajosana , Pere Tuset-Peiro , Borja Martinez , Joan Melia , Thomas Watteyne

LoRaWAN is a Low Power Wide Area Network technology featuring long transmission ranges and a simple MAC layer, which can support sensor data collection, control applications and reliable services thanks to the flexibility offered by a large…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2021-08-10 Davide Magrin , Martina Capuzzo , Andrea Zanella , Michele Zorzi

The integration of the Internet of Things (IoT) in smart agriculture has transformed farming practices by enabling real time monitoring, data-driven decision making, and automation. However, ensuring reliable connectivity in diverse…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-03-17 Mohamed Shabeer Mohamed Rafi , Mehran Behjati , Ahmad Sahban Rafsanjani

LoRaWAN is a low-power long-range protocol that enables reliable and robust communication. This paper addresses the challenge of predicting the spreading factor (SF) in LoRaWAN networks using machine learning (ML) techniques. Optimal SF…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-13 Aman Prakash , Nikumani Choudhury , Anakhi Hazarika , Alekhya Gorrela

The Internet of Things (IoT) will bring about the next industrial revolution in Industry 4.0. The communication aspect of IoT devices is one of the most critical factors in choosing the suitable device for the suitable usage. So far, the…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Mahbubul Islam , Hossain Md. Mubashshir Jamil , Samiul Ahsan Pranto , Rupak Kumar Das , Al Amin , Arshia Khan

In this article, we propose a reliable and low-latency Long Range Wide Area Network (LoRaWAN) solution for environmental monitoring in factories at major accident risk (FMAR). In particular, a low power wearable device for sensing the toxic…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-02-18 Dinesh Tamang , Alessandro Pozzebon , Lorenzo Parri , Ada Fort , Andrea Abrardo