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Large language models excel at complex tasks by breaking down problems into structured reasoning steps. However, reasoning traces often extend beyond reaching a correct answer, causing wasted computation, reduced readability, and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Razvan-Gabriel Dumitru , Darius Peteleaza , Vikas Yadav , Liangming Pan

Logical reasoning is a critical benchmark for evaluating the capabilities of large language models (LLMs), as it reflects their ability to derive valid conclusions from given premises. While the combination of test-time scaling with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-28 Ramya Keerthy Thatikonda , Wray Buntine , Ehsan Shareghi

Retrieval-Augmented Language Modeling (RALM) by integrating large language models (LLM) with relevant documents from an external corpus is a proven method for enabling the LLM to generate information beyond the scope of its pre-training…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-16 Runheng Liu , Xingchen Xiao , Heyan Huang , Zewen Chi , Zhijing Wu

Code review is an integral part of any mature software development process, and identifying the best reviewer for a code change is a well-accepted problem within the software engineering community. Selecting a reviewer who lacks expertise…

Syntax is fundamental to our thinking about language. Failing to capture the structure of input language could lead to generalization problems and over-parametrization. In the present work, we propose a new syntax-aware language model:…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-05-12 Yikang Shen , Shawn Tan , Alessandro Sordoni , Siva Reddy , Aaron Courville

Autoregressive decoding in Large Language Models (LLMs) generates one token per step, causing high inference latency. Speculative decoding (SD) mitigates this through a guess-and-verify strategy, but existing training-free variants face…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Zihong Zhang , Zuchao Li , Lefei Zhang , Ping Wang , Hai Zhao

Composed Image Retrieval (CIR) aims to retrieve target images based on a hybrid query comprising a reference image and a modification text. Early dual-tower Vision-Language Models (VLMs) struggle with cross-modality compositional reasoning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Tianyu Yang , Chenwei He , Xiangzhao Hao , Tianyue Wang , Jiarui Guo , Haiyun Guo , Leigang Qu , Jinqiao Wang , Tat-Seng Chua

Large Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have demonstrated significant potential on complex visual understanding tasks through iterative optimization methods.However, these models generally lack effective self-correction mechanisms, making it…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Shimin Wen , Zeyu Zhang , Xingdou Bian , Hongjie Zhu , Lulu He , Layi Shama , Daji Ergu , Ying Cai

Fine-tuning is the primary methodology for tailoring pre-trained large language models to specific tasks. As the model's scale and the diversity of tasks expand, parameter-efficient fine-tuning methods are of paramount importance. One of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-10 Wenhan Xia , Chengwei Qin , Elad Hazan

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated superior listwise ranking performance. However, their superior performance often relies on large-scale parameters (\eg, GPT-4) and a repetitive sliding window process, which introduces…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Wenhan Liu , Xinyu Ma , Yutao Zhu , Lixin Su , Shuaiqiang Wang , Dawei Yin , Zhicheng Dou

We propose RecaLLM, a set of reasoning language models post-trained to make effective use of long-context information. In-context retrieval, which identifies relevant evidence from context, and reasoning are deeply intertwined: retrieval…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Kyle Whitecross , Negin Rahimi

In this work, we present CoCal, an interpretable and consistent object parsing framework based on dictionary-based mask transformer. Designed around Contrastive Components and Logical Constraints, CoCal rethinks existing cluster-based mask…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-28 Tiezheng Zhang , Qihang Yu , Alan Yuille , Ju He

Diffusion large language models (dLLMs) have recently emerged as a promising alternative to autoregressive (AR) models, offering advantages such as accelerated parallel decoding and bidirectional context modeling. However, the vanilla…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Runchu Tian , Junxia Cui , Xueqiang Xu , Feng Yao , Jingbo Shang

The predominant approach for language modeling is to process sequences from left to right, but this eliminates a source of information: the order by which the sequence was generated. One strategy to recover this information is to decode…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-11-01 Xuanlin Li , Brandon Trabucco , Dong Huk Park , Michael Luo , Sheng Shen , Trevor Darrell , Yang Gao

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable in-context learning (ICL) abilities. However, existing theoretical analysis of ICL primarily exhibits two limitations: (a) Limited i.i.d. Setting. Most studies focus on supervised…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Zixuan Gong , Xiaolin Hu , Huayi Tang , Yong Liu

Large language models (LLMs) suffer from high inference latency due to the auto-regressive decoding process. Speculative decoding accelerates inference by generating multiple draft tokens using a lightweight model and verifying them in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Yixuan Wang , Yijun Liu , Shiyu ji , Yuzhuang Xu , Yang Xu , Qingfu Zhu , Wanxiang Che

Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) significantly improve the reasoning ability of Large Language Models (LLMs) by learning to reason, exhibiting promising performance in solving complex tasks. However, their deliberative reasoning process leads…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-14 Yue Liu , Jiaying Wu , Yufei He , Ruihan Gong , Jun Xia , Liang Li , Hongcheng Gao , Hongyu Chen , Baolong Bi , Jiaheng Zhang , Zhiqi Huang , Bryan Hooi , Stan Z. Li , Keqin Li

Large language models (LLMs) have recently shown strong progress on scientific reasoning, yet two major bottlenecks remain. First, explicit retrieval fragments reasoning, imposing a hidden "tool tax" of extra tokens and steps. Second,…

Adapting pre-trained large language models to different domains in natural language processing requires two key considerations: high computational demands and model's inability to continual adaptation. To simultaneously address both issues,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Srikanth Malla , Joon Hee Choi , Chiho Choi

Test-time compute scaling, the practice of spending extra computation during inference via repeated sampling, search, or extended reasoning, has become a powerful lever for improving large language model performance. Yet deploying these…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Zhiyuan Zhai , Bingcong Li , Bingnan Xiao , Ming Li , Xin Wang
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