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Recent advances in Large Language Model (LLM) compression, such as quantization and pruning, have achieved notable success. However, as these techniques gradually approach their respective limits, relying on a single method for further…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-17 Hang Guo , Yawei Li , Luca Benini

Large Language Models (LLMs) have showcased remarkable impacts across a wide spectrum of natural language processing tasks. Fine-tuning these pretrained models on downstream datasets provides further significant performance gains; however,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Zhikai Li , Xiaoxuan Liu , Banghua Zhu , Zhen Dong , Qingyi Gu , Kurt Keutzer

We consider the problem of model compression for deep neural networks (DNNs) in the challenging one-shot/post-training setting, in which we are given an accurate trained model, and must compress it without any retraining, based only on a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-10 Elias Frantar , Sidak Pal Singh , Dan Alistarh

The impressive performance of Large Language Models (LLMs) across various natural language processing tasks comes at the cost of vast computational resources and storage requirements. One-shot pruning techniques offer a way to alleviate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Xiang Meng , Kayhan Behdin , Haoyue Wang , Rahul Mazumder

Data format innovations have been critical for machine learning (ML) scaling, which in turn fuels ground-breaking ML capabilities. However, even in the presence of low-precision formats, model weights are often stored in both high-precision…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-11-10 Mohamed Assem Ibrahim , Shaizeen Aga , Ada Li , Suchita Pati , Mahzabeen Islam

Current LLM structured pruning methods typically involve two steps: (1) compression with calibration data and (2) costly continued pretraining on billions of tokens to recover lost performance. This second step is necessary as the first…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-31 Yaya Sy , Christophe Cerisara , Irina Illina

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly prevalent across diverse applications. However, their enormous size limits storage and processing capabilities to a few well-resourced stakeholders. As a result, most applications rely on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-05 Mohammadsajad Alipour , Mohammad Mohammadi Amiri

Deploying large language models (LLMs) in resource-constrained environments is hindered by heavy computational and memory requirements. We present LBLLM, a lightweight binarization framework that achieves effective W(1+1)A4 quantization…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Siqing Song , Chuang Wang , Yong Lang , Yi Yang , Xu-Yao Zhang

Model compression is vital to the deployment of deep learning on edge devices. Low precision representations, achieved via quantization of weights and activations, can reduce inference time and memory requirements. However, quantifying and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-18 Ben Zandonati , Adrian Alan Pol , Maurizio Pierini , Olya Sirkin , Tal Kopetz

Large Language Models (LLMs) have advanced rapidly but face significant memory demands. While quantization has shown promise for LLMs, current methods typically require lengthy training to alleviate the performance degradation from…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-05-31 Ke Yi , Yuhui Xu , Heng Chang , Chen Tang , Yuan Meng , Tong Zhang , Jia Li

Large language models deliver strong generative performance but at the cost of massive parameter counts, memory use, and decoding latency. Prior work has shown that pruning and structured sparsity can preserve accuracy under substantial…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Andrew Kiruluta

Large language models (LLMs) have revolutionized Natural Language Processing (NLP), but their size creates computational bottlenecks. We introduce a novel approach to create accurate, sparse foundational versions of performant LLMs that…

Quantization-aware training (QAT) is an effective method to drastically reduce the memory footprint of LLMs while keeping performance degradation at an acceptable level. However, the optimal choice of quantization format and bit-width…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-18 Sohir Maskey , Constantin Eichenberg , Johannes Messner , Douglas Orr

Compressing large language models (LLMs), often consisting of billions of parameters, provides faster inference, smaller memory footprints, and enables local deployment. Two standard compression techniques are pruning and quantization, with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-05 Satya Sai Srinath Namburi , Makesh Sreedhar , Srinath Srinivasan , Frederic Sala

The substantial memory bandwidth and computational demands of large language models (LLMs) present critical challenges for efficient inference. To tackle this, the literature has explored heterogeneous systems that combine neural processing…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Yuzong Chen , Chao Fang , Xilai Dai , Yuheng Wu , Thierry Tambe , Marian Verhelst , Mohamed S. Abdelfattah

Large Language Models (LLMs) have greatly pushed forward advancements in natural language processing, yet their high memory and computational demands hinder practical deployment. Binarization, as an effective compression technique, can…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Zhiteng Li , Xianglong Yan , Tianao Zhang , Haotong Qin , Dong Xie , Jiang Tian , zhongchao shi , Linghe Kong , Yulun Zhang , Xiaokang Yang

Quantization of Large Language Models (LLMs) has recently gained popularity, particularly for on-device settings with limited hardware resources. While efficient, quantization inevitably degrades model quality, especially in aggressive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-25 Yeonhong Park , Jake Hyun , Hojoon Kim , Jae W. Lee

End-to-end Learned image compression (LIC) has reached the traditional hand-crafted methods such as BPG (HEVC intra) in terms of the coding gain. However, the large network size prohibits the usage of LIC on resource-limited embedded…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-11-19 Heming Sun , Lu Yu , Jiro Katto

Model compression is instrumental in optimizing deep neural network inference on resource-constrained hardware. The prevailing methods for network compression, namely quantization and pruning, have been shown to enhance efficiency at the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-13 Ben Zandonati , Glenn Bucagu , Adrian Alan Pol , Maurizio Pierini , Olya Sirkin , Tal Kopetz

Deep learning models have achieved tremendous success in most of the industries in recent years. The evolution of these models has also led to an increase in the model size and energy requirement, making it difficult to deploy in production…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-24 Aayush Saxena , Arit Kumar Bishwas , Ayush Ashok Mishra , Ryan Armstrong