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Self-supervised vision-language models trained with contrastive objectives form the basis of current state-of-the-art methods in AI vision tasks. The success of these models is a direct consequence of the huge web-scale datasets used to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Victor Akinwande , Mohammad Sadegh Norouzzadeh , Devin Willmott , Anna Bair , Madan Ravi Ganesh , J. Zico Kolter

Language-audio joint representation learning frameworks typically depend on deterministic embeddings, assuming a one-to-one correspondence between audio and text. In real-world settings, however, the language-audio relationship is…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-22 Toranosuke Manabe , Yuchi Ishikawa , Hokuto Munakata , Tatsuya Komatsu

Diffusion Language Models (dLLMs) have garnered significant attention for their potential in highly parallel processing. The parallel capabilities of existing dLLMs stem from the assumption of conditional independence at high confidence…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Haohui Zhang , Zhiye Wang , Xiaoying Gan , Xinbing Wang , Bo Jiang

Generating audio captions is a new research area that combines audio and natural language processing to create meaningful textual descriptions for audio clips. To address this problem, previous studies mostly use the encoder-decoder based…

Sound · Computer Science 2021-05-14 Ayşegül Özkaya Eren , Mustafa Sert

Current vision-guided audio captioning systems frequently fail to address audiovisual misalignment in real-world scenarios, such as dubbed content or off-screen sounds. To bridge this critical gap, we present an entropy-aware gated fusion…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Le Xu , Chenxing Li , Yong Ren , Yujie Chen , Yu Gu , Ruibo Fu , Shan Yang , Dong Yu

Large pre-trained vision-language models like CLIP have transformed computer vision by aligning images and text in a shared feature space, enabling robust zero-shot transfer via prompting. Soft-prompting, such as Context Optimization…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Arsham Gholamzadeh Khoee , Yinan Yu , Robert Feldt

Continual learning (CL) enables models to adapt to evolving data streams without catastrophic forgetting, a fundamental requirement for real-world AI systems. However, the current methods often depend on large replay buffers or heavily…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-14 Indu Solomon , Aye Phyu Phyu Aung , Uttam Kumar , Senthilnath Jayavelu

The disparity in language resources poses a challenge in multilingual NLP, with high-resource languages benefiting from extensive data, while low-resource languages lack sufficient data for effective training. Our Contrastive Language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-28 Philipp Borchert , Jochen De Weerdt , Marie-Francine Moens

Large-scale foundation models like CLIP have shown strong zero-shot generalization but struggle with domain shifts, limiting their adaptability. In our work, we introduce \textsc{StyLIP}, a novel domain-agnostic prompt learning strategy for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-08 Ankit Jha

Change captioning generates descriptions that explicitly describe the differences between two visually similar images. Existing methods operate on static image pairs, thus ignoring the rich temporal dynamics of the change procedure, which…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Jiayang Sun , Zixin Guo , Min Cao , Guibo Zhu , Jorma Laaksonen

Automated audio captioning is a cross-modal translation task for describing the content of audio clips with natural language sentences. This task has attracted increasing attention and substantial progress has been made in recent years.…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-07-02 Xinhao Mei , Xubo Liu , Jianyuan Sun , Mark D. Plumbley , Wenwu Wang

Multilingual vision-language models have made significant strides in image captioning, yet they still lag behind their English counterparts due to limited multilingual training data and costly large-scale model parameterization.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-29 George Ibrahim , Rita Ramos , Yova Kementchedjhieva

Audio-language pretraining holds promise for general-purpose audio understanding, yet remains underexplored compared to its vision counterpart. While vision-language models like CLIP serve as widely adopted foundations, existing…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-24 Wei-Cheng Tseng , Xuanru Zhou , Mingyue Huo , Yiwen Shao , Hao Zhang , Dong Yu

State-of-the-art empirical work has shown that visual representations learned by deep neural networks are robust in nature and capable of performing classification tasks on diverse datasets. For example, CLIP demonstrated zero-shot transfer…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-14 Chanda Grover , Indra Deep Mastan , Debayan Gupta

We presented the Treff adapter, a training-efficient adapter for CLAP, to boost zero-shot classification performance by making use of a small set of labelled data. Specifically, we designed CALM to retrieve the probability distribution of…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-05-30 Jinhua Liang , Xubo Liu , Haohe Liu , Huy Phan , Emmanouil Benetos , Mark D. Plumbley , Wenwu Wang

Recently, vision-language models like CLIP have advanced the state of the art in a variety of multi-modal tasks including image captioning and caption evaluation. Many approaches leverage CLIP for cross-modal retrieval to condition…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Fabian Paischer , Markus Hofmarcher , Sepp Hochreiter , Thomas Adler

Audio-Visual Video Parsing (AVVP) task aims to detect and temporally locate events within audio and visual modalities. Multiple events can overlap in the timeline, making identification challenging. While traditional methods usually focus…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-07-12 Jinxing Zhou , Dan Guo , Yuxin Mao , Yiran Zhong , Xiaojun Chang , Meng Wang

Vision-language foundation models have been incredibly successful in a wide range of downstream computer vision tasks using adaptation methods. However, due to the high cost of obtaining pre-training datasets, pairs with weak image-text…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-27 Wenshuo Peng , Kaipeng Zhang , Yue Yang , Hao Zhang , Yu Qiao

Prompt learning has recently become a very efficient transfer learning paradigm for Contrastive Language Image Pretraining (CLIP) models. Compared with fine-tuning the entire encoder, prompt learning can obtain highly competitive results by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-30 Guoyizhe Wei , Feng Wang , Anshul Shah , Rama Chellappa

Most existing masked audio modeling (MAM) methods learn audio representations by masking and reconstructing local spectrogram patches. However, the reconstruction loss mainly accounts for the signal-level quality of the reconstructed…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-01-30 Yifei Xin , Xiulian Peng , Yan Lu