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Content-based music information retrieval has seen rapid progress with the adoption of deep learning. Current approaches to high-level music description typically make use of classification models, such as in auto-tagging or genre and mood…

Sound · Computer Science 2021-12-09 Ilaria Manco , Emmanouil Benetos , Elio Quinton , Gyorgy Fazekas

Automated Audio Captioning (AAC) generates captions for audio clips but faces challenges due to limited datasets compared to image captioning. To overcome this, we propose the zero-shot AAC system that leverages pre-trained models,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-17 Vijay Govindarajan , Pratik Patel , Sahil Tripathi , Md Azizul Hoque , Gautam Siddharth Kashyap

Automated audio captioning (AAC) is the task of automatically creating textual descriptions (i.e. captions) for the contents of a general audio signal. Most AAC methods are using existing datasets to optimize and/or evaluate upon. Given the…

Sound · Computer Science 2021-07-19 Jan Berg , Konstantinos Drossos

Mainstream Audio Analytics models are trained to learn under the paradigm of one class label to many recordings focusing on one task. Learning under such restricted supervision limits the flexibility of models because they require labeled…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-06-13 Benjamin Elizalde , Soham Deshmukh , Mahmoud Al Ismail , Huaming Wang

Contrastive Language-Audio Pretraining (CLAP) models are widely used for audio understanding and support modality-agnostic condition swapping in many zero-shot applications. However, their performance is heavily affected by the modality gap…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Yonggang Zhu , Liting Gao , Aidong Men , Wenwu Wang

Recently, the AI community has made significant strides in developing powerful foundation models, driven by large-scale multimodal datasets. However, for audio representation learning, existing datasets suffer from limitations in the…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-09-10 Luoyi Sun , Xuenan Xu , Mengyue Wu , Weidi Xie

This paper proposes a method for unsupervised anomalous sound detection (UASD) and captioning the reason for detection. While there is a method that captions the difference between given normal and anomalous sound pairs, it is assumed to be…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-30 Ryoya Ogura , Tomoya Nishida , Yohei Kawaguchi

We propose Fast Language-Audio Pre-training (FLAP), a self-supervised approach that efficiently and effectively learns aligned audio and language representations through masking, contrastive learning and reconstruction. For efficiency, FLAP…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-11-06 Ching-Feng Yeh , Po-Yao Huang , Vasu Sharma , Shang-Wen Li , Gargi Gosh

Open-vocabulary audio-language models, like CLAP, offer a promising approach for zero-shot audio classification (ZSAC) by enabling classification with any arbitrary set of categories specified with natural language prompts. In this paper,…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-17 Sreyan Ghosh , Sonal Kumar , Chandra Kiran Reddy Evuru , Oriol Nieto , Ramani Duraiswami , Dinesh Manocha

Compared with ample visual-text pre-training research, few works explore audio-text pre-training, mostly due to the lack of sufficient parallel audio-text data. Most existing methods incorporate the visual modality as a pivot for audio-text…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-03-06 Xuenan Xu , Zhiling Zhang , Zelin Zhou , Pingyue Zhang , Zeyu Xie , Mengyue Wu , Kenny Q. Zhu

Analyzing real-world multimodal signals is an essential and challenging task for intelligent voice assistants (IVAs). Mainstream approaches have achieved remarkable performance on various downstream tasks of IVAs with pre-trained audio…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-09-17 Shengqiang Liu , Da Liu , Anna Wang , Zhiyu Zhang , Jie Gao , Yali Li

Contrastive language-audio pretraining (CLAP) has achieved notable success in learning semantically rich audio representations and is widely adopted for various audio-related tasks. However, current CLAP models face several key limitations.…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-21 Xinhao Mei , Gael Le Lan , Haohe Liu , Zhaoheng Ni , Varun Nagaraja , Yang Liu , Yangyang Shi , Vikas Chandra

Automated audio captioning (AAC) is an audio-to-text task to describe audio contents in natural language. Recently, the advancements in large language models (LLMs), with improvements in training approaches for audio encoders, have opened…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-06-26 Jizhong Liu , Gang Li , Junbo Zhang , Heinrich Dinkel , Yongqing Wang , Zhiyong Yan , Yujun Wang , Bin Wang

Adapting language models to the clinical domain through continued pretraining and instruction tuning requires costly retraining for each new model generation. We propose Cross-Architecture Proxy Tuning (CAPT), a model-ensembling approach…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-30 Sasha Ronaghi , Chloe Stanwyck , Asad Aali , Amir Ronaghi , Miguel Fuentes , Tina Hernandez-Boussard , Emily Alsentzer

Contrastive Language Audio Pretraining (CLAP) is a widely-used method to bridge the gap between audio and text domains. Current CLAP methods enable sound and music retrieval in English, ignoring multilingual spoken content. To address this,…

Image captioning aims at generating descriptive and meaningful textual descriptions of images, enabling a broad range of vision-language applications. Prior works have demonstrated that harnessing the power of Contrastive Image Language…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-05 Longtian Qiu , Shan Ning , Xuming He

Zero-shot image captioning (IC) without well-paired image-text data can be divided into two categories, training-free and text-only-training. Generally, these two types of methods realize zero-shot IC by integrating pretrained…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-07 Zequn Zeng , Yan Xie , Hao Zhang , Chiyu Chen , Zhengjue Wang , Bo Chen

AI in dermatology is evolving at a rapid pace but the major limitation to training trustworthy classifiers is the scarcity of data with ground-truth concept level labels, which are meta-labels semantically meaningful to humans. Foundation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-10 Soham Gadgil , Mahtab Bigverdi

In this work, we aim to analyze and optimize the EnCLAP framework, a state-of-the-art model in automated audio captioning. We investigate the impact of modifying the acoustic encoder components, explore pretraining with different dataset…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-04 Jaeyeon Kim , Minjeon Jeon , Jaeyoon Jung , Sang Hoon Woo , Jinjoo Lee

Automated Audio Captioning (AAC) aims to describe the semantic contexts of general sounds, including acoustic events and scenes, by leveraging effective acoustic features. To enhance performance, an AAC method, EnCLAP, employed discrete…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-03 Daiki Takeuchi , Binh Thien Nguyen , Masahiro Yasuda , Yasunori Ohishi , Daisuke Niizumi , Noboru Harada