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Self-supervised learning (especially contrastive learning) has attracted great interest due to its huge potential in learning discriminative representations in an unsupervised manner. Despite the acknowledged successes, existing contrastive…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-22 Guangrun Wang , Keze Wang , Guangcong Wang , Philip H. S. Torr , Liang Lin

Recent unsupervised contrastive representation learning follows a Single Instance Multi-view (SIM) paradigm where positive pairs are usually constructed with intra-image data augmentation. In this paper, we propose an effective approach…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-11 Xiangxiang Chu , Xiaohang Zhan , Bo Zhang

Dense retrieval (DR) has shown promising results in information retrieval. In essence, DR requires high-quality text representations to support effective search in the representation space. Recent studies have shown that pre-trained…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-08-23 Xinyu Ma , Ruqing Zhang , Jiafeng Guo , Yixing Fan , Xueqi Cheng

3D deep learning is a growing field of interest due to the vast amount of information stored in 3D formats. Triangular meshes are an efficient representation for irregular, non-uniform 3D objects. However, meshes are often challenging to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-12-23 Ayaan Haque , Hankyu Moon , Heng Hao , Sima Didari , Jae Oh Woo , Patrick Bangert

In this paper, we explore the graph partitioning problem, a pivotal combina-torial optimization challenge with extensive applications in various fields such as science, technology, and business. Recognized as an NP-hard prob-lem, graph…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-13 Vivek Chaudhary

Using deep learning techniques, anomalies in the paranasal sinus system can be detected automatically in MRI images and can be further analyzed and classified based on their volume, shape and other parameters like local contrast. However…

Learning good representations involves capturing the diverse ways in which data samples relate. Contrastive loss - an objective matching related samples - underlies methods from self-supervised to multimodal learning. Contrastive losses,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-13 Vlad Sobal , Mark Ibrahim , Randall Balestriero , Vivien Cabannes , Diane Bouchacourt , Pietro Astolfi , Kyunghyun Cho , Yann LeCun

We develop an approach to learning visual representations that embraces multimodal data, driven by a combination of intra- and inter-modal similarity preservation objectives. Unlike existing visual pre-training methods, which solve a proxy…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-04-28 Xin Yuan , Zhe Lin , Jason Kuen , Jianming Zhang , Yilin Wang , Michael Maire , Ajinkya Kale , Baldo Faieta

The InfoNCE objective, originally introduced for contrastive representation learning, has become a popular choice for mutual information (MI) estimation, despite its indirect connection to MI. In this paper, we demonstrate why InfoNCE…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-31 J. Jon Ryu , Pavan Yeddanapudi , Xiangxiang Xu , Gregory W. Wornell

To date, most existing self-supervised learning methods are designed and optimized for image classification. These pre-trained models can be sub-optimal for dense prediction tasks due to the discrepancy between image-level prediction and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-04-06 Xinlong Wang , Rufeng Zhang , Chunhua Shen , Tao Kong , Lei Li

Objective functions that optimize deep neural networks play a vital role in creating an enhanced feature representation of the input data. Although cross-entropy-based loss formulations have been extensively used in a variety of supervised…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-19 Deen Dayal Mohan , Bhavin Jawade , Srirangaraj Setlur , Venu Govindaraj

This study reveals the inherent tolerance of contrastive learning (CL) towards sampling bias, wherein negative samples may encompass similar semantics (\eg labels). However, existing theories fall short in providing explanations for this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-18 Junkang Wu , Jiawei Chen , Jiancan Wu , Wentao Shi , Xiang Wang , Xiangnan He

Collecting labeled data for the task of semantic segmentation is expensive and time-consuming, as it requires dense pixel-level annotations. While recent Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) based semantic segmentation approaches have…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-08-20 Xiangyun Zhao , Raviteja Vemulapalli , Philip Mansfield , Boqing Gong , Bradley Green , Lior Shapira , Ying Wu

Recent multimodal models such as Contrastive Language-Image Pre-training (CLIP) have shown remarkable ability to align visual and linguistic representations. However, domains where small visual differences carry large semantic significance,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Hiroshi Sasaki

To bridge the gap between the source and target domains in unsupervised domain adaptation (UDA), the most common strategy puts focus on matching the marginal distributions in the feature space through adversarial learning. However, such…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-01-19 Zhizhe Liu , Zhenfeng Zhu , Shuai Zheng , Yang Liu , Jiayu Zhou , Yao Zhao

Medical Image Segmentation (MIS) plays a crucial role in medical therapy planning and robot navigation. Prototype learning methods in MIS focus on generating segmentation masks through pixel-to-prototype comparison. However, current…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-07-11 Guoyan Liang , Qin Zhou , Jingyuan Chen , Zhe Wang , Chang Yao

Understanding self-supervised learning is important but challenging. Previous theoretical works study the role of pretraining losses, and view neural networks as general black boxes. However, the recent work of Saunshi et al. argues that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-11 Jeff Z. HaoChen , Tengyu Ma

Contrastive learning is among the most successful methods for visual representation learning, and its performance can be further improved by jointly performing clustering on the learned representations. However, existing methods for joint…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-09-16 Shunjie-Fabian Zheng , JaeEun Nam , Emilio Dorigatti , Bernd Bischl , Shekoofeh Azizi , Mina Rezaei

We tackle the cross-modal retrieval problem, where learning is only supervised by relevant multi-modal pairs in the data. Although the contrastive learning is the most popular approach for this task, it makes potentially wrong assumption…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-13 Minyoung Kim

This paper presents SimCLR: a simple framework for contrastive learning of visual representations. We simplify recently proposed contrastive self-supervised learning algorithms without requiring specialized architectures or a memory bank.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-02 Ting Chen , Simon Kornblith , Mohammad Norouzi , Geoffrey Hinton
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