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This paper shows that large nonparametric classes of conditional multivariate densities can be approximated in the Kullback--Leibler distance by different specifications of finite mixtures of normal regressions in which normal means and…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2010-10-05 Andriy Norets

Bayesian nonparametric statistics is an area of considerable research interest. While recently there has been an extensive concentration in developing Bayesian nonparametric procedures for model checking, the use of the Dirichlet process,…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2019-03-15 Luai Al-Labadi , Viskakh Patel , Kasra Vakiloroayaei , Clement Wan

Continuous diffusion models have demonstrated remarkable performance in data generation across various domains, yet their efficiency remains constrained by two critical limitations: (1) the local adjacency structure of the forward Markov…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-05-29 Xunpeng Huang , Yingyu Lin , Nikki Lijing Kuang , Hanze Dong , Difan Zou , Yian Ma , Tong Zhang

Score-based diffusion models have emerged as a powerful class of generative methods, achieving state-of-the-art performance across diverse domains. Despite their empirical success, the mathematical foundations of those models remain only…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-05-13 Kang Liu , Enrique Zuazua

In many problems in data mining and machine learning, data items that need to be clustered or classified are not points in a high-dimensional space, but are distributions (points on a high dimensional simplex). For distributions, natural…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2007-07-13 Sudipto Guha , Andrew McGregor , Suresh Venkatasubramanian

Diffusion-based classifiers such as those relying on the Personalized PageRank and the Heat kernel, enjoy remarkable classification accuracy at modest computational requirements. Their performance however is affected by the extent to which…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-02-20 Dimitris Berberidis , Athanasios N. Nikolakopoulos , Georgios B. Giannakis

While efficient distribution learning is no doubt behind the groundbreaking success of diffusion modeling, its theoretical guarantees are quite limited. In this paper, we provide the first rigorous analysis on approximation and…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-03-06 Kazusato Oko , Shunta Akiyama , Taiji Suzuki

We examine the estimation of the Kullback-Leibler (KL) divergence and the use of the goodness-of-fit test for multivariate continuous distributions. Our starting point is the maximum entropy principle for Shannon entropy: among all…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-03-10 Mehmet Siddik Cadirci , Martin Singull

Manifold learning (ML) aims to seek low-dimensional embedding from high-dimensional data. The problem is challenging on real-world datasets, especially with under-sampling data, and we find that previous methods perform poorly in this case.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-27 Zelin Zang , Siyuan Li , Di Wu , Ge Wang , Lei Shang , Baigui Sun , Hao Li , Stan Z. Li

Discrete diffusion models have recently gained significant prominence in applications involving natural language and graph data. A key factor influencing their effectiveness is the efficiency of discretized samplers. Among these,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-03 Yuchen Liang , Yingbin Liang , Lifeng Lai , Ness Shroff

We propose an adaptive scheme for distributed learning of nonlinear functions by a network of nodes. The proposed algorithm consists of a local adaptation stage utilizing multiple kernels with projections onto hyperslabs and a diffusion…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-09-05 Ban-Sok Shin , Masahiro Yukawa , Renato Luis Garrido Cavalcante , Armin Dekorsy

For a parametric model of distributions, the closest distribution in the model to the true distribution located outside the model is considered. Measuring the closeness between two distributions with the Kullback-Leibler (K-L) divergence,…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-10-14 Yo Sheena

Modern machine learning increasingly leverages the insight that high-dimensional data often lie near low-dimensional, non-linear manifolds, an idea known as the manifold hypothesis. By explicitly modeling the geometric structure of data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Willem Diepeveen , Deanna Needell

Subspace clustering is an important unsupervised clustering approach. It is based on the assumption that the high-dimensional data points are approximately distributed around several low-dimensional linear subspaces. The majority of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-20 Maryam Abdolali , Nicolas Gillis

This article proposes an active learning method for high dimensional data, based on intrinsic data geometries learned through diffusion processes on graphs. Diffusion distances are used to parametrize low-dimensional structures on the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-31 Mauro Maggioni , James M. Murphy

We investigate statistical properties of a likelihood approach to nonparametric estimation of a singular distribution using deep generative models. More specifically, a deep generative model is used to model high-dimensional data that are…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-03-29 Minwoo Chae , Dongha Kim , Yongdai Kim , Lizhen Lin

Score-based generative modeling (SGM) has grown to be a hugely successful method for learning to generate samples from complex data distributions such as that of images and audio. It is based on evolving an SDE that transforms white noise…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-04 Holden Lee , Jianfeng Lu , Yixin Tan

We study the Kullback--Leibler (KL) divergence approximation theory of Gaussian mixture models (GMMs) by isolating an abstract mechanism behind several necessary-and-sufficient statements. The necessity direction is universal: if a density…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-04-14 Hien Duy Nguyen

Score-based diffusion models have emerged as powerful techniques for generating samples from high-dimensional data distributions. These models involve a two-phase process: first, injecting noise to transform the data distribution into a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-21 Runjia Li , Qiwei Di , Quanquan Gu

We interpret likelihood-based test functions from a geometric perspective where the Kullback-Leibler (KL) divergence is adopted to quantify the distance from a distribution to another. Such a test function can be seen as a sub-Gaussian…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-01-05 Yan Wang