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In order to meet ever-stricter climate targets and achieve the eventual decarbonization of the energy supply of German industrial metropolises, the focus is on gradually phasing out nuclear power, then coal and gas combined with the…

The compute requirements associated with training Artificial Intelligence (AI) models have increased exponentially over time. Optimisation strategies aim to reduce the energy consumption and environmental impacts associated with AI,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Clément Morand , Anne-Laure Ligozat , Aurélie Névéol

The economic dispatch of generators is a major concern in thermal power plants that governs the share of each generating unit with an objective of minimizing fuel cost by fulfilling load demand. This problem is not as simple as it looks…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Shahbaz Hussain

With the rapid expansion of Artificial Intelligence, there are expectations for a proportional expansion of economic activity due to increased productivity, and with it energy consumption and its associated environmental consequences like…

General Economics · Economics 2024-09-11 Anthony Harding , Juan Moreno-Cruz

The emergence of artificial intelligence (AI) and its progressively wider impact on many sectors across the society requires an assessment of its effect on sustainable development. Here we analyze published evidence of positive or negative…

Traditional electrical power grids have long suffered from operational unreliability, instability, inflexibility, and inefficiency. Smart grids (or smart energy systems) continue to transform the energy sector with emerging technologies,…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2022-12-16 Roba Alsaigh , Rashid Mehmood , Iyad Katib

The most recent concern of all people on Earth is the increase in the concentration of greenhouse gas in the atmosphere. The concentration of these gases has risen rapidly over the last century and if the trend continues it can cause many…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-16 Samveg Shah , Shubham Thakar , Kashish Jain , Bhavya Shah , Sudhir Dhage

Growing awareness of the environmental impact of digital technologies has led to several isolated initiatives to promote sustainable practices. However, despite these efforts, the environmental footprint of generative AI, particularly in…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-02-06 Thomas Le Goff

We demonstrate progress on the deployment of two sets of technologies to support distribution grid operators integrating high shares of renewable energy sources, based on a market for trading local energy flexibilities. An…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-09-25 Bradley Eck , Francesco Fusco , Robert Gormally , Mark Purcell , Seshu Tirupathi

Major innovations in computing have been driven by scaling up computing infrastructure, while aggressively optimizing operating costs. The result is a network of worldwide datacenters that consume a large amount of energy, mostly in an…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2023-06-30 Walid A. Hanafy , Roozbeh Bostandoost , Noman Bashir , David Irwin , Mohammad Hajiesmaili , Prashant Shenoy

Demand for energy has increased significantly across the globe due to increase in population and economic growth. Growth in energy demand poses serious threat to the environment since majority of the energy sources are non-renewable and…

Generative Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems currently contribute negatively to the production of digital waste, via the associated energy consumption and the related CO2 emissions. At this moment, a discussion is urgently needed on the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Vanessa Utz , Steve DiPaola

This paper explores the role of energy-saving technologies and energy efficiency in the post-COVID era. The pandemic meant major rethinking of the entrenched patterns in energy saving and efficiency. It also provided opportunities for…

General Economics · Economics 2025-11-12 Wadim Strielkowski , Larisa Gorina , Elena Korneeva , Olga Kovaleva

The energy demand of modern cloud services, particularly those related to generative AI, is increasing at an unprecedented pace. To date, carbon-aware computing strategies have primarily focused on batch process scheduling or…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Philipp Wiesner , Dennis Grinwald , Philipp Weiß , Patrick Wilhelm , Ramin Khalili , Odej Kao

By integrating Artificial Intelligence (AI) with the Internet of Things (IoT), Artificial Intelligence of Things (AIoT) has revolutionized many fields. However, AIoT is facing the challenges of energy consumption and carbon emissions due to…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-07-18 Jinbo Wen , Ruichen Zhang , Dusit Niyato , Jiawen Kang , Hongyang Du , Yang Zhang , Zhu Han

The rapid expansion of artificial intelligence has significantly increased the electricity, water, and carbon demands of modern data centers, raising sustainability concerns. This study evaluates the environmental footprint of AI server…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Aadi Patel , Nikhil Mahalingam , Rusheen Patel

The rapid advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies presents both unprecedented opportunities and significant challenges for sustainable economic development. While AI offers transformative potential for addressing…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Anas ALsobeh , Raneem Alkurdi

Artificial intelligence (AI) systems impose substantial and growing environmental costs, yet transparency about these impacts has declined even as their deployment has accelerated. This paper makes three contributions. First, we collate…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Kai Ebert , Boris Gamazaychikov , Philipp Hacker , Sasha Luccioni

Artificial intelligence (AI) is fueling exponential electricity demand growth, threatening grid reliability, raising prices for communities paying for new energy infrastructure, and stunting AI innovation as data centers wait for…

This paper explores the environmental impact of the super-linear growth trends for AI from a holistic perspective, spanning Data, Algorithms, and System Hardware. We characterize the carbon footprint of AI computing by examining the model…