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This paper presents a novel method for analyzing the latent space geometry of generative models, including statistical physics models and diffusion models, by reconstructing the Fisher information metric. The method approximates the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Alexander Lobashev , Dmitry Guskov , Maria Larchenko , Mikhail Tamm

Seismic full waveform inversion (FWI) is a widely used technique in geophysics for inferring subsurface structures from seismic data. And InversionNet is one of the most successful data-driven machine learning models that is applied to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-19 Zhepeng Wang , Isaacshubhanand Putla , Weiwen Jiang , Youzuo Lin

Extracting subsurface velocity information from seismic data is mainly an undetermined problem that requires injecting a priori information to constrain the inversion process. Machine learning has offered a platform to do so through the…

Geophysics · Physics 2025-10-03 Xiao Ma , Shaowen Wang , Tariq Alkhalifah

We propose a methodology that combines generative latent diffusion models with physics-informed machine learning to generate solutions of parametric partial differential equations (PDEs) conditioned on partial observations, which includes,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Davide Gallon , Philippe von Wurstemberger , Patrick Cheridito , Arnulf Jentzen

Surface wave dispersion curve inversion plays a critical role in both shallow resource exploration and deep geological studies, yet it remains hindered by sensitivity to initial models and low computational efficiency. Recently, data-driven…

Thanks to the rapid development of diffusion models, unprecedented progress has been witnessed in image synthesis. Prior works mostly rely on pre-trained linguistic models, but a text is often too abstract to properly specify all the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-15 Binbin Yang , Yi Luo , Ziliang Chen , Guangrun Wang , Xiaodan Liang , Liang Lin

In recent years, Full-Waveform Inversion (FWI) has been extensively used to derive high-resolution subsurface velocity models from seismic data. However, due to the nonlinearity and ill-posed nature of the problem, FWI requires a good…

In subsurface imaging, learning the mapping from velocity maps to seismic waveforms (forward problem) and waveforms to velocity (inverse problem) is important for several applications. While traditional techniques for solving forward and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-03 Naveen Gupta , Medha Sawhney , Arka Daw , Youzuo Lin , Anuj Karpatne

Seismic velocity inversion is a key task in geophysical exploration, enabling the reconstruction of subsurface structures from seismic wave data. It is critical for high-resolution seismic imaging and interpretation. Traditional…

Geophysics · Physics 2025-09-29 Mahedi Hasan

Time-lapse full-waveform inversion (FWI) has become a powerful tool for characterizing and monitoring subsurface changes in various geophysical applications. However, non-repeatability (NR) issues caused, for instance, by GPS inaccuracies,…

Geophysics · Physics 2024-07-11 Sergio Luiz E. F. da Silva , Ammir Karsou , Roger M. Moreira , Marco Cetale

The full-waveform inversion (FWI) addresses the computation and characterization of subsurface model parameters by matching predicted data to observed seismograms in the frame of nonlinear optimization. We formulate FWI as a nonlinearly…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-08-26 Ali Gholami , Hossein S. Aghamiry , Stéphane Operto

Full Waveform Inversion (FWI) is a promising technique for achieving high-resolution imaging in medical ultrasound. However, conventional FWI methods suffer from issues related to computational efficiency, dependence on initial models, and…

Medical Physics · Physics 2025-10-15 Qiang Li , Heyu Ma , Chengcheng Liu , Dean Ta

Full waveform inversion (FWI) has become a widely adopted technique for high-resolution subsurface imaging. However, its inherent strong nonlinearity often results in convergence toward local minima. Recently, deep image prior-based…

Geophysics · Physics 2025-12-10 Guangyuan Zou , Junlun Li , Feng Liu , Xuejing Zheng , Jianjian Xie , Guoyi Chen

Full waveform inversion (FWI) is capable of generating high-resolution subsurface parameter models, but it is susceptible to cycle-skipping when the data lack low-frequency. Unfortunately, the low-frequency components (< 5.0 Hz) are often…

Geophysics · Physics 2024-01-17 Shijun Cheng , Yi Wang , Qingchen Zhang , Randy Harsuko , Tariq Alkhalifah

Iterative inversion of seismic, ultrasonic, and other wave data by local gradient-based optimization of mean-square data prediction error (Full Waveform Inversion or FWI) can fail to converge to useful model estimates if started from an…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-12-10 William W. Symes , Huiyi Chen , Susan E. Minkoff

Extended full-waveform inversion (FWI) has shown promising results for accurate estimation of subsurface parameters when the initial models are not sufficiently accurate. Frequency-domain applications have shown that the augmented…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-09-16 Ali Gholami , Hossein S. Aghamiry , Stephane Operto

Full-waveform inversion is a cutting-edge methodology for recovering high-resolution subsurface models. However, one of the main conventional full-waveform optimization problems challenges is cycle-skipping, usually leading us to an…

Computational Physics · Physics 2022-05-20 Muhammad Izzatullah , Tariq Alkhalifah

Velocity-model building is a fundamental component of seismic imaging, yet it remains a challenging inverse problem due to limited data coverage, nonlinearity, and the need to integrate heterogeneous information such as well logs. We…

Geophysics · Physics 2026-03-03 Francesco Brandolin , Tariq Alkhalifah

Ultrasonic imaging methods often assume linear direct models, while in reality, many nonlinear phenomena are present, e.g. multiple reflections. A family of imaging methods called Full Waveform Inversion (FWI), which has been developed in…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-23 Daniel Rossato , Thiago Alberto Rigo Passarin , Gustavo Pinto Pires , Daniel Rodrigues Pipa

Quantitative monitoring of subsurface changes is essential for ensuring the safety of geological CO2 sequestration. Full-waveform monitoring (FWM) can resolve these changes at high spatial resolution, but conventional deterministic…

Geophysics · Physics 2025-12-16 Haipeng Li , Nanzhe Wang , Louis J. Durlofsky , Biondo L. Biondi