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Approximate dynamic programming algorithms, such as approximate value iteration, have been successfully applied to many complex reinforcement learning tasks, and a better approximate dynamic programming algorithm is expected to further…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-10-31 Tadashi Kozuno , Eiji Uchibe , Kenji Doya

General Value Functions (GVFs) (Sutton et al., 2011) represent predictive knowledge in reinforcement learning. Each GVF computes the expected return for a given policy, based on a unique reward. Existing methods relying on fixed behavior…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Arushi Jain , Josiah P. Hanna , Doina Precup

Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) has become a cornerstone for aligning large language models (LLMs) with human values. However, existing approaches struggle to capture the multi-dimensional, distributional nuances of human…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Zelei Cheng , Xin-Qiang Cai , Yuting Tang , Pushi Zhang , Boming Yang , Masashi Sugiyama , Xinyu Xing

Value-function (VF) approximation is a central problem in Reinforcement Learning (RL). Classical non-parametric VF estimation suffers from the curse of dimensionality. As a result, parsimonious parametric models have been adopted to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-29 Sergio Rozada , Santiago Paternain , Antonio G. Marques

Existing adversarial attacks for VLP models are mostly sample-specific, resulting in substantial computational overhead when scaled to large datasets or new scenarios. To overcome this limitation, we propose Hierarchical Refinement Attack…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-18 Peng-Fei Zhang , Zi Huang

This paper introduces a new method for inverse reinforcement learning in large-scale and high-dimensional state spaces. To avoid solving the computationally expensive reinforcement learning problems in reward learning, we propose a function…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-08-15 Kun Li , Joel W. Burdick

Learning in a lifelong setting, where the dynamics continually evolve, is a hard challenge for current reinforcement learning algorithms. Yet this would be a much needed feature for practical applications. In this paper, we propose an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-14 Pierre Liotet , Francesco Vidaich , Alberto Maria Metelli , Marcello Restelli

We study the use of randomized value functions to guide deep exploration in reinforcement learning. This offers an elegant means for synthesizing statistically and computationally efficient exploration with common practical approaches to…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-09-25 Ian Osband , Benjamin Van Roy , Daniel Russo , Zheng Wen

Machine learning algorithms learn to solve a task, but are unable to improve their ability to learn. Meta-learning methods learn about machine learning algorithms and improve them so that they learn more quickly. However, existing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-28 Calarina Muslimani , Alex Lewandowski , Dale Schuurmans , Matthew E. Taylor , Jun Luo

In this paper, we present a brief survey of Reinforcement Learning (RL), with particular emphasis on Stochastic Approximation (SA) as a unifying theme. The scope of the paper includes Markov Reward Processes, Markov Decision Processes,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-04 Mathukumalli Vidyasagar

We introduce Hierarchical Transformers for Meta-Reinforcement Learning (HTrMRL), a powerful online meta-reinforcement learning approach. HTrMRL aims to address the challenge of enabling reinforcement learning agents to perform effectively…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-12 Gresa Shala , André Biedenkapp , Josif Grabocka

Guiding the policy of multi-agent reinforcement learning to align with human common sense is a difficult problem, largely due to the complexity of modeling common sense as a reward, especially in complex and long-horizon multi-agent tasks.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-20 Hao Ma , Shijie Wang , Zhiqiang Pu , Siyao Zhao , Xiaolin Ai

Reinforcement learning with outcome-based feedback faces a fundamental challenge: when rewards are only observed at trajectory endpoints, how do we assign credit to the right actions? This paper provides the first comprehensive analysis of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-25 Fan Chen , Zeyu Jia , Alexander Rakhlin , Tengyang Xie

In reinforcement learning, the goal is to seek rewards and avoid punishments. A simple scalar captures the value of a state or of taking an action, where expected future rewards increase and punishments decrease this quantity. Naturally an…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2015-02-19 Patrick C. Connor , Thomas P. Trappenberg

Recent advances in recommender systems have shown that user-system interaction essentially formulates long-term optimization problems, and online reinforcement learning can be adopted to improve recommendation performance. The general…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-02-04 Xiaobei Wang , Shuchang Liu , Qingpeng Cai , Xiang Li , Lantao Hu , Han li , Guangming Xie

Distributional reinforcement learning improves performance by capturing environmental stochasticity, but a comprehensive theoretical understanding of its effectiveness remains elusive. In addition, the intractable element of the infinite…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-14 Taehyun Cho , Seungyub Han , Seokhun Ju , Dohyeong Kim , Kyungjae Lee , Jungwoo Lee

We study lifelong reinforcement learning (RL) in a regret minimization setting of linear contextual Markov decision process (MDP), where the agent needs to learn a multi-task policy while solving a streaming sequence of tasks. We propose an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-02 Sanae Amani , Lin F. Yang , Ching-An Cheng

In many real-world applications of reinforcement learning (RL), deployed policies have varied impacts on different stakeholders, creating challenges in reaching consensus on how to effectively aggregate their preferences. Generalized…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-17 Cheol Woo Kim , Jai Moondra , Shresth Verma , Madeleine Pollack , Lingkai Kong , Milind Tambe , Swati Gupta

The integration of Reinforcement Learning (RL) with heuristic methods is an emerging trend for solving optimization problems, which leverages RL's ability to learn from the data generated during the search process. One promising approach is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-19 Arthur Müller , Lukas Vollenkemper

In reinforcement learning, two objective functions have been developed extensively in the literature: discounted and averaged rewards. The generalization to an entropy-regularized setting has led to improved robustness and exploration for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-20 Jacob Adamczyk , Volodymyr Makarenko , Stas Tiomkin , Rahul V. Kulkarni
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