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Deep generative models hold great promise for representing complex physical systems, but their deployment is currently limited by the lack of guarantees on the physical plausibility of the generated outputs. Ensuring that known physical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Matthieu Blanke , Yongquan Qu , Sara Shamekh , Pierre Gentine

This work considers the problem of sampling from a probability distribution known up to a normalization constant while satisfying a set of statistical constraints specified by the expected values of general nonlinear functions. This problem…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-01-08 Luiz F. O. Chamon , Mohammad Reza Karimi , Anna Korba

We introduce a novel and efficient algorithm called the stochastic approximate gradient descent (SAGD), as an alternative to the stochastic gradient descent for cases where unbiased stochastic gradients cannot be trivially obtained.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-14 Yixuan Qiu , Xiao Wang

We provide a new convergence analysis of stochastic gradient Langevin dynamics (SGLD) for sampling from a class of distributions that can be non-log-concave. At the core of our approach is a novel conductance analysis of SGLD using an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-24 Difan Zou , Pan Xu , Quanquan Gu

Sampling with Markov chain Monte Carlo methods often amounts to discretizing some continuous-time dynamics with numerical integration. In this paper, we establish the convergence rate of sampling algorithms obtained by discretizing smooth…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-02-04 Xuechen Li , Denny Wu , Lester Mackey , Murat A. Erdogdu

Langevin algorithms are gradient descent methods with additive noise. They have been used for decades in Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) sampling, optimization, and learning. Their convergence properties for unconstrained non-convex…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-23 Andrew Lamperski

The stochastic gradient Langevin Dynamics is one of the most fundamental algorithms to solve sampling problems and non-convex optimization appearing in several machine learning applications. Especially, its variance reduced versions have…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-22 Yuri Kinoshita , Taiji Suzuki

Underdamped Langevin Monte Carlo (ULMC) is an algorithm used to sample from unnormalized densities by leveraging the momentum of a particle moving in a potential well. We provide a novel analysis of ULMC, motivated by two central questions:…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2023-02-17 Matthew Zhang , Sinho Chewi , Mufan Bill Li , Krishnakumar Balasubramanian , Murat A. Erdogdu

The discretization of overdamped Langevin dynamics, through schemes such as the Euler-Maruyama method, can be corrected by some acceptance/rejection rule, based on a Metropolis-Hastings criterion for instance. In this case, the invariant…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2016-07-06 Max Fathi , Gabriel Stoltz

In distributed machine learning, efficient training across multiple agents with different data distributions poses significant challenges. Even with a centralized coordinator, current algorithms that achieve optimal communication complexity…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-13 Junchi Yang , Murat Yildirim , Qiu Feng

We study the design and implementation of numerical methods to solve the generalized Langevin equation (GLE) focusing on canonical sampling properties of numerical integrators. For this purpose, we cast the GLE in an extended phase space…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-12-09 Benedict Leimkuhler , Matthias Sachs

In this paper we propose a new approach for sampling from probability measures in, possibly, high dimensional spaces. By perturbing the standard overdamped Langevin dynamics by a suitable Stratonovich perturbation that preserves the…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2019-04-23 Assyr Abdulle , Grigorios A. Pavliotis , Gilles Vilmart

This paper considers mean square error (MSE) analysis for stochastic gradient sampling algorithms applied to underdamped Langevin dynamics under a global convexity assumption. A novel discrete Poisson equation framework is developed to…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-11-07 Jianfeng Lu , Xuda Ye , Zhennan Zhou

Stochastic Gradient Langevin Dynamics (SGLD) is a powerful algorithm for optimizing a non-convex objective, where a controlled and properly scaled Gaussian noise is added to the stochastic gradients to steer the iterates towards a global…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-06-04 Yuanhan Hu , Xiaoyu Wang , Xuefeng Gao , Mert Gurbuzbalaban , Lingjiong Zhu

The Langevin Markov chain algorithms are widely deployed methods to sample from distributions in challenging high-dimensional and non-convex statistics and machine learning applications. Despite this, current bounds for the Langevin…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-04-10 Oren Mangoubi , Nisheeth K. Vishnoi

Stochastic gradient descent with momentum (SGDm) is one of the most popular optimization algorithms in deep learning. While there is a rich theory of SGDm for convex problems, the theory is considerably less developed in the context of deep…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-11-05 Umut Şimşekli , Lingjiong Zhu , Yee Whye Teh , Mert Gürbüzbalaban

The classical (overdamped) Langevin dynamics provide a natural algorithm for sampling from its invariant measure, which uniquely minimizes an energy functional over the space of probability measures, and which concentrates around the…

Probability · Mathematics 2023-09-26 Giovanni Conforti , Daniel Lacker , Soumik Pal

It is well known in many settings that reversible Langevin diffusions in confining potentials converge to equilibrium exponentially fast. Adding irreversible perturbations to the drift of a Langevin diffusion that maintain the same…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-07-02 Michela Ottobre , Natesh S. Pillai , Konstantinos Spiliopoulos

There has been considerable interest in designing Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithms by exploiting numerical methods for Langevin dynamics, which includes Hamiltonian dynamics as a deterministic case. A prominent approach is Hamiltonian…

Computation · Statistics 2021-06-08 Zexi Song , Zhiqiang Tan

Sampling from a target distribution induced by training data is central to Bayesian learning, with Stochastic Gradient Langevin Dynamics (SGLD) serving as a key tool for scalable posterior sampling and decentralized variants enabling…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-11-18 Waheed U. Bajwa , Mert Gurbuzbalaban , Mustafa Ali Kutbay , Lingjiong Zhu , Muhammad Zulqarnain