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As the backbone of the fifth-generation (5G) cellular network, massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) encounters a significant challenge in practical applications: how to deploy a large number of antenna elements within limited…
One of the most relevant challenges in future 6G wireless networks is how to support a massive spatial multiplexing of a large number of user terminals. Recently, extremely large antenna arrays (ELAAs), also referred to as extra-large MIMO…
Sixth generation (6G) wireless networks are envisioned to include aspects of energy footprint reduction (sustainability), besides those of network capacity and connectivity, at the design stage. This paradigm change requires radically new…
Empowered by the latest progress on innovative metamaterials/metasurfaces and advanced antenna technologies, holographic multiple-input multiple-output (H-MIMO) emerges as a promising technology to fulfill the extreme goals of the…
In a realistic wireless environment, the multi-antenna channel usually exhibits spatially correlation fading. This is more emphasized when a large number of antennas is densely deployed, known as holographic massive MIMO (multiple-input…
In this paper, the channel of an indoor holographic multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system is measured. It is demonstrated through experiments for the first time that the spatial oversampling of holographic MIMO systems is able to…
Holographic multiple-input multiple-output (HMIMO) communication systems utilize spatially-constrained massive MIMO arrays containing large numbers of antennas with sub-wavelength spacing, and have emerged as a promising candidate…
Holographic multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) communications introduce innovative antenna array configurations, such as dense arrays and volumetric arrays, which offer notable advantages over conventional planar arrays with…
Holographic Multiple-Input and Multiple-Output (MIMO) is envisioned as a promising technology to realize unprecedented spectral efficiency by integrating a large number of antennas into a compact space. Most research on holographic MIMO is…
Future wireless networks must provide ever higher data rates. The available bandwidth increases roughly linearly as we increase the carrier frequency, but the range shrinks drastically. This paper explores if we can instead reach massive…
Holographic MIMO refers to a (possibly large) array with a large number of individually controlled and densely deployed antennas. The objective of this paper is to provide further insight into the use of closely spaced antennas in the…
Extremely large-scale multiple-input multiple-output (XL-MIMO) is the development trend of future wireless communications. However, the extremely large-scale antenna array could bring inevitable nearfield and dual-wideband effects that…
Recently, the concept of holographic multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) is emerging as one of the promising technologies beyond massive MIMO. Many challenges need to be addressed to bring this novel idea into practice, including…
The capabilities of multi-antenna technology have recently been significantly enhanced by the proliferation of extra large array architectures. The high dimensionality of these systems implies that communications take place in the nearfield…
Holographic MIMO is a spatially-constrained MIMO system with a massive number of antennas, possibly thought of, in its ultimate form, as a spatially-continuous electromagnetic aperture. Accurate and tractable channel modeling is critical to…
Future wireless systems are envisioned to create an endogenously holography-capable, intelligent, and programmable radio propagation environment, that will offer unprecedented capabilities for high spectral and energy efficiency, low…
This paper considers a deterministic physical model of massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems with uniform linear antenna arrays. It is known that the maximum spatial degrees of freedom is achieved by spacing antenna elements…
The increasing demand for wireless data transfer has been the driving force behind the widespread adoption of Massive MIMO (multiple-input multiple-output) technology in 5G. The next-generation MIMO technology is now being developed to…
This paper surveys recent advances in the area of very large MIMO systems. With very large MIMO, we think of systems that use antenna arrays with an order of magnitude more elements than in systems being built today, say a hundred antennas…
We present a unified model for connected antenna arrays with a large number of tightly integrated (i.e., coupled) antennas in a compact space within the context of massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communication. We refer to…