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Quantifying uncertainty in medical image segmentation applications is essential, as it is often connected to vital decision-making. Compelling attempts have been made in quantifying the uncertainty in image segmentation architectures, e.g.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-08-06 M. M. A. Valiuddin , C. G. A. Viviers , R. J. G. van Sloun , P. H. N. de With , F. van der Sommen

We study image inverse problems with a normalizing flow prior. Our formulation views the solution as the maximum a posteriori estimate of the image conditioned on the measurements. This formulation allows us to use noise models with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-02 Jay Whang , Qi Lei , Alexandros G. Dimakis

Knowing the reliability of a model's response is essential in practical applications. Given the strong generation capabilities of large language models (LLMs), research has focused on generating verbalized confidence. This approach is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Ante Wang , Weizhi Ma , Yang Liu

Predicting the distribution of future states in a stochastic system, known as belief propagation, is fundamental to reasoning under uncertainty. However, nonlinear dynamics often make analytical belief propagation intractable, requiring…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Peter Amorese , Morteza Lahijanian

Fueled by the expressive power of deep neural networks, normalizing flows have achieved spectacular success in generative modeling, or learning to draw new samples from a distribution given a finite dataset of training samples. Normalizing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-05 Yuehaw Khoo , Michael Lindsey , Hongli Zhao

It is important to collect credible training samples $(x,y)$ for building data-intensive learning systems (e.g., a deep learning system). Asking people to report complex distribution $p(x)$, though theoretically viable, is challenging in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-26 Jiaheng Wei , Zuyue Fu , Yang Liu , Xingyu Li , Zhuoran Yang , Zhaoran Wang

Variational inference relies on flexible approximate posterior distributions. Normalizing flows provide a general recipe to construct flexible variational posteriors. We introduce Sylvester normalizing flows, which can be seen as a…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-02-21 Rianne van den Berg , Leonard Hasenclever , Jakub M. Tomczak , Max Welling

Normalizing Flows (NFs) are flexible explicit generative models that have been shown to accurately model complex real-world data distributions. However, their invertibility constraint imposes limitations on data distributions that reside on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-08-19 Janis Postels , Martin Danelljan , Luc Van Gool , Federico Tombari

Maximum entropy modeling is a flexible and popular framework for formulating statistical models given partial knowledge. In this paper, rather than the traditional method of optimizing over the continuous density directly, we learn a smooth…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-05-01 Gabriel Loaiza-Ganem , Yuanjun Gao , John P. Cunningham

We study the problem of multifidelity uncertainty propagation for computationally expensive models. In particular, we consider the general setting where the high-fidelity and low-fidelity models have a dissimilar parameterization both in…

Modeling and synthesizing image noise is an important aspect in many computer vision applications. The long-standing additive white Gaussian and heteroscedastic (signal-dependent) noise models widely used in the literature provide only a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-08-23 Abdelrahman Abdelhamed , Marcus A. Brubaker , Michael S. Brown

A statistical method for the elicitation of priors in Bayesian generalised linear models (GLMs) and extensions is proposed. Probabilistic predictions are elicited from the expert to parametrise a multivariate t prior distribution for the…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-02-21 Geoffrey R. Hosack

Normalizing flows are exact-likelihood generative neural networks which approximately transform samples from a simple prior distribution to samples of the probability distribution of interest. Recent work showed that such generative models…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-10-27 Jonas Köhler , Leon Klein , Frank Noé

Normalizing flows have grown more popular over the last few years; however, they continue to be computationally expensive, making them difficult to be accepted into the broader machine learning community. In this paper, we introduce a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-15 Achintya Gopal

We propose a general purpose Bayesian inference algorithm for expensive likelihoods, replacing the stochastic term in the Langevin equation with a deterministic density gradient term. The particle density is evaluated from the current…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-10-14 Richard D. P. Grumitt , Biwei Dai , Uros Seljak

Due to the vast testing space, the increasing demand for effective and efficient testing of deep neural networks (DNNs) has led to the development of various DNN test case prioritization techniques. However, the fact that DNNs can deliver…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-09-17 Jialuo Chen , Jingyi Wang , Xiyue Zhang , Youcheng Sun , Marta Kwiatkowska , Jiming Chen , Peng Cheng

We present PPCEF, a novel method for generating probabilistically plausible counterfactual explanations (CFs). PPCEF advances beyond existing methods by combining a probabilistic formulation that leverages the data distribution with the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Patryk Wielopolski , Oleksii Furman , Jerzy Stefanowski , Maciej Zięba

For faster sampling and higher sample quality, we propose DiNof ($\textbf{Di}$ffusion with $\textbf{No}$rmalizing $\textbf{f}$low priors), a technique that makes use of normalizing flows and diffusion models. We use normalizing flows to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Mohsen Zand , Ali Etemad , Michael Greenspan

We propose a new Neural Galerkin Normalizing Flow framework to approximate the transition probability density function of a diffusion process by solving the corresponding Fokker-Planck equation with an atomic initial distribution,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Riccardo Saporiti , Fabio Nobile

Normalizing Flows provide a principled framework for high-dimensional density estimation and generative modeling by constructing invertible transformations with tractable Jacobian determinants. We propose Fractal Flow, a novel normalizing…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-08-28 Binhui Zhang , Jianwei Ma
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