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We study the so-called two-time-scale stochastic approximation, a simulation-based approach for finding the roots of two coupled nonlinear operators. Our focus is to characterize its finite-time performance in a Markov setting, which often…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-04-06 Thinh T. Doan

This paper proposes a thorough theoretical analysis of Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) with non-increasing step sizes. First, we show that the recursion defining SGD can be provably approximated by solutions of a time inhomogeneous…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-02-02 Xavier Fontaine , Valentin De Bortoli , Alain Durmus

Kesten's stochastic recurrent equation is a classical subject of research in probability theory and its applications. Recently, it has garnered attention as a model for stochastic gradient descent with a quadratic objective function and the…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-03-10 Chang-Han Rhee , Jeeho Ryu , Insuk Seo

Stochastic gradient descent is an optimisation method that combines classical gradient descent with random subsampling within the target functional. In this work, we introduce the stochastic gradient process as a continuous-time…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-05-11 Jonas Latz

The choice of batch-size in a stochastic optimization algorithm plays a substantial role for both optimization and generalization. Increasing the batch-size used typically improves optimization but degrades generalization. To address the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-03 Yeming Wen , Kevin Luk , Maxime Gazeau , Guodong Zhang , Harris Chan , Jimmy Ba

Stochastic dynamical systems are fundamental in state estimation, system identification and control. System models are often provided in continuous time, while a major part of the applied theory is developed for discrete-time systems.…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2014-02-07 Niklas Wahlström , Patrix Axelsson , Fredrik Gustafsson

The nonlinear two-time-scale stochastic approximation is widely studied under conditions of bounded variances in noise. Motivated by recent advances that allow for variability linked to the current state or time, we consider state- and…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-09-16 Zixi Chen , Yumin Xu , Ruixun Zhang

Stochastic gradient methods enable learning probabilistic models from large amounts of data. While large step-sizes (learning rates) have shown to be best for least-squares (e.g., Gaussian noise) once combined with parameter averaging,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-11-22 Dmitry Babichev , Francis Bach

We study the statistical and computational complexities of the Polyak step size gradient descent algorithm under generalized smoothness and Lojasiewicz conditions of the population loss function, namely, the limit of the empirical loss…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-18 Tongzheng Ren , Fuheng Cui , Alexia Atsidakou , Sujay Sanghavi , Nhat Ho

Stochastic gradient algorithms are the main focus of large-scale optimization problems and led to important successes in the recent advancement of the deep learning algorithms. The convergence of SGD depends on the careful choice of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-03-03 Caglar Gulcehre , Jose Sotelo , Marcin Moczulski , Yoshua Bengio

Recently, many machine learning optimizers have been analysed considering them as the asymptotic limit of some differential equations when the step size goes to zero. In other words, the optimizers can be seen as a finite difference scheme…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-07-02 Bilel Bensaid , Gaël Poëtte , Rodolphe Turpault

We study Stochastic Gradient Descent with AdaGrad stepsizes: a popular adaptive (self-tuning) method for first-order stochastic optimization. Despite being well studied, existing analyses of this method suffer from various shortcomings:…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-13 Amit Attia , Tomer Koren

We study the fixed design segmented regression problem: Given noisy samples from a piecewise linear function $f$, we want to recover $f$ up to a desired accuracy in mean-squared error. Previous rigorous approaches for this problem rely on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-07-15 Jayadev Acharya , Ilias Diakonikolas , Jerry Li , Ludwig Schmidt

Motivated by applications in reinforcement learning (RL), we study a nonlinear stochastic approximation (SA) algorithm under Markovian noise, and establish its finite-sample convergence bounds under various stepsizes. Specifically, we show…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-01-27 Zaiwei Chen , Sheng Zhang , Thinh T. Doan , John-Paul Clarke , Siva Theja Maguluri

Gradient compression is of growing interests for solving constrained optimization problems including compressed sensing, noisy recovery and matrix completion under limited communication resources and storage costs. Convergence analysis of…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-10-30 Zhaoyue Xia , Jun Du , Chunxiao Jiang , H. Vincent Poor , Yong Ren

The Large Deviation Principle is established for stochastic models defined by past-dependent non linear recursions with small noise. In the Markov case we use the result to obtain an explicit expression for the asymptotics of exit time.

Probability · Mathematics 2007-05-23 F. Klebaner , R. Liptser

We study weighted Tikhonov regularization for large-scale linear discrete ill-posed problems with random noise. Under a polynomial upper-bound assumption on the generalized eigenvalues of the discrete forward operator, we derive stochastic…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-05-19 Duan-Peng Ling , Wenlong Zhang

When training neural networks, it has been widely observed that a large step size is essential in stochastic gradient descent (SGD) for obtaining superior models. However, the effect of large step sizes on the success of SGD is not well…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-17 Amirkeivan Mohtashami , Martin Jaggi , Sebastian Stich

This paper studies the finite-time stability and stabilization of linear discrete time-varying stochastic systems with multiplicative noise. Firstly, necessary and sufficient conditions for finite-time stability are presented via state…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2018-06-25 Tianliang Zhang , Feiqi Deng , Weihai Zhang

Stochastic gradient algorithms have been the main focus of large-scale learning problems and they led to important successes in machine learning. The convergence of SGD depends on the careful choice of learning rate and the amount of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2015-11-03 Caglar Gulcehre , Marcin Moczulski , Yoshua Bengio