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Transparency around limitations can improve the scientific rigor of research, help ensure appropriate interpretation of research findings, and make research claims more credible. Despite these benefits, the machine learning (ML) research…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-18 Jessie J. Smith , Saleema Amershi , Solon Barocas , Hanna Wallach , Jennifer Wortman Vaughan

Understanding what constitutes high-quality pre-training data remains a central question in language model training. In this work, we investigate whether benchmark performance is primarily driven by the degree of statistical pattern overlap…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Woojin Chung , Jeonghoon Kim

\textit{Background:} The use of large language models in software testing is growing fast as they support numerous tasks, from test case generation to automation, and documentation. However, their adoption often relies on informal…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Maria Deolinda Santana , Cleyton Magalhaes , Ronnie de Souza Santos

Model driven development envisages the use of model transformations to evolve models. Model transformation languages, developed for this task, are touted with many benefits over general purpose programming languages. However, a large number…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-08-19 Stefan Höppner , Yves Haas , Matthias Tichy , Katharina Juhnke

Amid the expanding use of pre-training data, the phenomenon of benchmark dataset leakage has become increasingly prominent, exacerbated by opaque training processes and the often undisclosed inclusion of supervised data in contemporary…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-30 Ruijie Xu , Zengzhi Wang , Run-Ze Fan , Pengfei Liu

Large language models demonstrate strong reasoning capabilities through chain-of-thought prompting, but whether this reasoning quality transfers across languages remains underexplored. We introduce a human-validated framework to evaluate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Anaelia Ovalle , Candace Ross , Sebastian Ruder , Adina Williams , Karen Ullrich , Mark Ibrahim , Levent Sagun

Our world is open-ended, non-stationary, and constantly evolving; thus what we talk about and how we talk about it change over time. This inherent dynamic nature of language contrasts with the current static language modelling paradigm,…

Large language models trained on source code can support a variety of software development tasks, such as code recommendation and program repair. Large amounts of data for training such models benefit the models' performance. However, the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-07-06 Max Hort , Anastasiia Grishina , Leon Moonen

Language models learn and represent language differently than humans; they learn the form and not the meaning. Thus, to assess the success of language model explainability, we need to consider the impact of its divergence from a user's…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-07-15 Rita Sevastjanova , Mennatallah El-Assady

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used to support the analysis of complex financial disclosures, yet their reliability, behavioral consistency, and transparency remain insufficiently understood in high-stakes settings. This…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Md Talha Mohsin

Current benchmarks are inadequate for evaluating progress in reinforcement learning (RL) for large language models (LLMs).Despite recent benchmark gains reported for RL, we find that training on these benchmarks' training sets achieves…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Zihan Chen , Yiming Zhang , Hengguang Zhou , Zenghui Ding , Yining Sun , Cho-Jui Hsieh

Learning what to share between tasks has been a topic of great importance recently, as strategic sharing of knowledge has been shown to improve downstream task performance. This is particularly important for multilingual applications, as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-06 Farhad Nooralahzadeh , Giannis Bekoulis , Johannes Bjerva , Isabelle Augenstein

Evaluating alignment in language models requires testing how they behave under realistic pressure, not just what they claim they would do. While alignment failures increasingly cause real-world harm, comprehensive evaluation frameworks with…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Nora Petrova , John Burden

Retrieval-augmented language models have demonstrated performance comparable to much larger models while requiring fewer computational resources. The effectiveness of these models crucially depends on the overlap between query and retrieved…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Ehsan Doostmohammadi , Marco Kuhlmann

Tool learning, which enables large language models (LLMs) to utilize external tools effectively, has garnered increasing attention for its potential to revolutionize productivity across industries. Despite rapid development in tool…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Haotian Chen , Zijun Song , Boye Niu , Ke Zhang , Litu Ou , Yaxi Lu , Zhong Zhang , Xin Cong , Yankai Lin , Zhiyuan Liu , Maosong Sun

We present a new challenge to examine whether large language models understand social norms. In contrast to existing datasets, our dataset requires a fundamental understanding of social norms to solve. Our dataset features the largest set…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Ye Yuan , Kexin Tang , Jianhao Shen , Ming Zhang , Chenguang Wang

High-resource languages such as English, enables the pretraining of high-quality large language models (LLMs). The same can not be said for most other languages as LLMs still underperform for non-English languages, likely due to a gap in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-20 Jiayi Wang , Yao Lu , Maurice Weber , Max Ryabinin , David Adelani , Yihong Chen , Raphael Tang , Pontus Stenetorp

Much recent progress in applications of machine learning models to NLP has been driven by benchmarks that evaluate models across a wide variety of tasks. However, these broad-coverage benchmarks have been mostly limited to English, and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-09-07 Junjie Hu , Sebastian Ruder , Aditya Siddhant , Graham Neubig , Orhan Firat , Melvin Johnson

For general modeling methods applied to diverse languages, a natural question is: how well should we expect our models to work on languages with differing typological profiles? In this work, we develop an evaluation framework for fair…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-02-26 Ryan Cotterell , Sabrina J. Mielke , Jason Eisner , Brian Roark

Multilingual large language models have gained prominence for their proficiency in processing and generating text across languages. Like their monolingual counterparts, multilingual models are likely to pick up on stereotypes and other…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-20 Yang Trista Cao , Anna Sotnikova , Jieyu Zhao , Linda X. Zou , Rachel Rudinger , Hal Daume