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This paper presents a novel state representation for reward-free Markov decision processes. The idea is to learn, in a self-supervised manner, an embedding space where distances between pairs of embedded states correspond to the minimum…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-05 Lorenzo Steccanella , Anders Jonsson

In complex real-world tasks such as robotic manipulation and autonomous driving, collecting expert demonstrations is often more straightforward than specifying precise learning objectives and task descriptions. Learning from expert data can…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-05-05 Daulet Baimukashev , Gokhan Alcan , Kevin Sebastian Luck , Ville Kyrki

Unsupervised reinforcement learning aims to acquire skills without prior goal representations, where an agent automatically explores an open-ended environment to represent goals and learn the goal-conditioned policy. However, this procedure…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-27 Jinxin Liu , Hao Shen , Donglin Wang , Yachen Kang , Qiangxing Tian

Learning diverse skills is one of the main challenges in robotics. To this end, imitation learning approaches have achieved impressive results. These methods require explicitly labeled datasets or assume consistent skill execution to enable…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-02-14 Chenhao Li , Sebastian Blaes , Pavel Kolev , Marin Vlastelica , Jonas Frey , Georg Martius

Scaling end-to-end reinforcement learning to control real robots from vision presents a series of challenges, in particular in terms of sample efficiency. Against end-to-end learning, state representation learning can help learn a compact,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-25 Antonin Raffin , Ashley Hill , René Traoré , Timothée Lesort , Natalia Díaz-Rodríguez , David Filliat

Skill-based reinforcement learning (RL) has emerged as a promising strategy to leverage prior knowledge for accelerated robot learning. Skills are typically extracted from expert demonstrations and are embedded into a latent space from…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-11-07 Krishan Rana , Ming Xu , Brendan Tidd , Michael Milford , Niko Sünderhauf

Legged robots have the potential to traverse complex terrain and access confined spaces beyond the reach of traditional platforms thanks to their ability to carefully select footholds and flexibly adapt their body posture while walking.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-03-04 Takahiro Miki , Joonho Lee , Lorenz Wellhausen , Marco Hutter

A fundamental challenge in embodied intelligence is developing expressive and compact state representations for efficient world modeling and decision making. However, existing methods often fail to achieve this balance, yielding…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Mingyu Liu , Jiuhe Shu , Hui Chen , Zeju Li , Canyu Zhao , Jiange Yang , Shenyuan Gao , Hao Chen , Chunhua Shen

Learning from Demonstration is increasingly used for transferring operator manipulation skills to robots. In practice, it is important to cater for limited data and imperfect human demonstrations, as well as underlying safety constraints.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-04-03 Ya-Yen Tsai , Bo Xiao , Edward Johns , Guang-Zhong Yang

Key challenges for the deployment of reinforcement learning (RL) agents in the real world are the discovery, representation and reuse of skills in the absence of a reward function. To this end, we propose a novel approach to learn a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-02-07 Oier Mees , Markus Merklinger , Gabriel Kalweit , Wolfram Burgard

Collecting and automatically obtaining reward signals from real robotic visual data for the purposes of training reinforcement learning algorithms can be quite challenging and time-consuming. Methods for utilizing unlabeled data can have a…

Our understanding of the world depends highly on our capacity to produce intuitive and simplified representations which can be easily used to solve problems. We reproduce this simplification process using a neural network to build a low…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-01-30 Timothée Lesort , Mathieu Seurin , Xinrui Li , Natalia Díaz-Rodríguez , David Filliat

Robotic loco-manipulation tasks often involve contact-rich interactions with the environment, requiring the joint modeling of contact force and robot position. However, recent visuomotor policies often focus solely on learning position or…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Peiyuan Zhi , Peiyang Li , Jianqin Yin , Baoxiong Jia , Siyuan Huang

Unsupervised skill discovery aims to learn diverse and distinguishable behaviors in open-ended reinforcement learning. For existing methods, they focus on improving diversity through pure exploration, mutual information optimization, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-27 He Zhang , Ming Zhou , Shaopeng Zhai , Ying Sun , Hui Xiong

After four decades of research there still exists a Classification accuracy gap of about 20% between our best Unsupervisedly Learned Representations methods and the accuracy rates achieved by intelligent animals. It thus may well be that we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Daniel N. Nissani

We present a scalable framework for cross-embodiment humanoid robot control by learning a shared latent representation that unifies motion across humans and diverse humanoid platforms, including single-arm, dual-arm, and legged humanoid…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-01-23 Yashuai Yan , Dongheui Lee

Unsupervised skill discovery carries the promise that an intelligent agent can learn reusable skills through autonomous, reward-free environment interaction. Existing unsupervised skill discovery methods learn skills by encouraging…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-25 Zizhao Wang , Jiaheng Hu , Caleb Chuck , Stephen Chen , Roberto Martín-Martín , Amy Zhang , Scott Niekum , Peter Stone

Unsupervised reinforcement learning (RL) studies how to leverage environment statistics to learn useful behaviors without the cost of reward engineering. However, a central challenge in unsupervised RL is to extract behaviors that…

Robot navigation is a task where reinforcement learning approaches are still unable to compete with traditional path planning. State-of-the-art methods differ in small ways, and do not all provide reproducible, openly available…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-12-09 Daniel Dugas , Juan Nieto , Roland Siegwart , Jen Jen Chung

Reinforcement learning requires manual specification of a reward function to learn a task. While in principle this reward function only needs to specify the task goal, in practice reinforcement learning can be very time-consuming or even…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-17 Kristian Hartikainen , Xinyang Geng , Tuomas Haarnoja , Sergey Levine