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Societal biases present in pre-trained large language models are a critical issue as these models have been shown to propagate biases in countless downstream applications, rendering them unfair towards specific groups of people. Since…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-08 Himanshu Thakur , Atishay Jain , Praneetha Vaddamanu , Paul Pu Liang , Louis-Philippe Morency

Bias in AI systems, especially those relying on natural language data, raises ethical and practical concerns. Underrepresentation of certain groups often leads to uneven performance across demographics. Traditional fairness methods, such as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Sai Suhruth Reddy Karri , Yashwanth Sai Nallapuneni , Laxmi Narasimha Reddy Mallireddy , Gopichand G

Large Language Model (LLM)-based recommendation systems excel in delivering comprehensive suggestions by deeply analyzing content and user behavior. However, they often inherit biases from skewed training data, favoring mainstream content…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Anindya Bijoy Das , Shahnewaz Karim Sakib

Large Language Models (LLMs) have revolutionized artificial intelligence, demonstrating remarkable computational power and linguistic capabilities. However, these models are inherently prone to various biases stemming from their training…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-14 Riccardo Cantini , Giada Cosenza , Alessio Orsino , Domenico Talia

Aligning large language models (LLMs) with human objectives is crucial for real-world applications. However, fine-tuning LLMs for alignment often suffers from unstable training and requires substantial computing resources. Test-time…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Lingkai Kong , Haorui Wang , Wenhao Mu , Yuanqi Du , Yuchen Zhuang , Yifei Zhou , Yue Song , Rongzhi Zhang , Kai Wang , Chao Zhang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have advanced various Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks, such as text generation and translation, among others. However, these models often generate texts that can perpetuate biases. Existing approaches to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-07 Shaina Raza , Oluwanifemi Bamgbose , Shardul Ghuge , Fatemeh Tavakol , Deepak John Reji , Syed Raza Bashir

Large Language Models (LLMs) have significantly advanced natural language processing, demonstrating strong capabilities in tasks such as text generation, summarization, and reasoning. Recently, their potential for automating precise text…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Yiming Zeng , Wanhao Yu , Zexin Li , Tao Ren , Yu Ma , Jinghan Cao , Xiyan Chen , Tingting Yu

While Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) perform strongly on single-turn chart generation, their ability to support real-world exploratory data analysis remains underexplored. In practice, users iteratively refine visualizations…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-18 Manav Nitin Kapadnis , Lawanya Baghel , Atharva Naik , Carolyn Rosé

Large language models (LLMs) exhibit social biases that reinforce harmful stereotypes, limiting their safe deployment. Most existing debiasing methods adopt a suppressive paradigm by modifying parameters, prompts, or neurons associated with…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Jinhao Pan , Chahat Raj , Anjishnu Mukherjee , Sina Mansouri , Bowen Wei , Shloka Yada , Ziwei Zhu

The recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have revolutionized industries such as finance, marketing, and customer service by enabling sophisticated natural language processing tasks. However, the broad adoption of LLMs brings…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-02-19 Berk Yilmaz , Huthaifa I. Ashqar

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have shown impressive capabilities across tasks involving both visual and textual modalities. However, growing concerns remain about their potential to encode and amplify gender bias, particularly in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Yue Xu , Wenjie Wang

Model editing aims to efficiently update a pre-trained model's knowledge without the need for time-consuming full retraining. While existing pioneering editing methods achieve promising results, they primarily focus on editing single-modal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Zhiyi Shi , Binjie Wang , Chongjie Si , Yichen Wu , Junsik Kim , Hanspeter Pfister

The widespread application of Large Language Models (LLMs) involves ethical risks for users and societies. A prominent ethical risk of LLMs is the generation of unfair language output that reinforces or exacerbates harm for members of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-03 Luise Mehner , Lena Alicija Philine Fiedler , Sabine Ammon , Dorothea Kolossa

Large Language Models (LLMs) have emerged as promising solutions for a variety of medical and clinical decision support applications. However, LLMs are often subject to different types of biases, which can lead to unfair treatment of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-23 Raphael Poulain , Hamed Fayyaz , Rahmatollah Beheshti

During training, Large Language Models (LLMs) learn social regularities that can lead to gender bias in downstream applications. Most mitigation efforts focus on reducing bias in generated outputs, typically evaluated on structured…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Nour Bouchouchi , Thibault Laugel , Xavier Renard , Christophe Marsala , Marie-Jeanne Lesot , Marcin Detyniecki

This study examines how Large Language Models (LLMs) can reduce biases in text-to-image generation systems by modifying user prompts. We define bias as a model's unfair deviation from population statistics given neutral prompts. Our…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-16 René Peinl

Large language models (LLMs) are the foundation of the current successes of artificial intelligence (AI), however, they are unavoidably biased. To effectively communicate the risks and encourage mitigation efforts these models need adequate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-14 Carolin M. Schuster , Maria-Alexandra Dinisor , Shashwat Ghatiwala , Georg Groh

Warning: This paper contains content that may be offensive or upsetting. There has been a significant increase in the usage of large language models (LLMs) in various applications, both in their original form and through fine-tuned…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-12 Jiaxu Zhao , Meng Fang , Shirui Pan , Wenpeng Yin , Mykola Pechenizkiy

Large Language Models (LLMs) such as Mistral and LLaMA have showcased remarkable performance across various natural language processing (NLP) tasks. Despite their success, these models inherit social biases from the diverse datasets on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-19 Nirmalendu Prakash , Lee Ka Wei Roy

Large Language Models (LLMs) usually suffer from knowledge cutoff or fallacy issues, which means they are unaware of unseen events or generate text with incorrect facts owing to outdated/noisy data. To this end, many knowledge editing…