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The quantum-mechanical and thermodynamic properties of a 3-level molecular cooling cycle are derived. An inadequacy of earlier models is rectified in accounting for the spontaneous emission and absorption associated with the coupling to the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-07 Jose P. Palao , Ronnie Kosloff , Jeffrey M. Gordon

There are both practical and foundational motivations to consider the thermodynamics of quantum systems at small scales. Here we address the issue of autonomous quantum thermal machines that are tailored to achieve some specific…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-03-08 Max F. Frenzel , David Jennings , Terry Rudolph

Absorption refrigerators are autonomous thermal machines that harness the spontaneous flow of heat from a hot bath into the environment in order to perform cooling. Here we discuss quantum realizations of absorption refrigerators in two…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-05-01 Mark T. Mitchison , Patrick P. Potts

Quantum thermal machines offer promising platforms for exploring the fundamental limits of thermodynamics at the microscopic scale. The previous study demonstrated that the incorporation of a catalyst can significantly enhance the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-17 Cong Fu , Ousi Pan , Zhiqiang Fan , Yushun Tang , Shanhe Su , Youhui Lin , Jincan Chen

We explore a small quantum refrigerator consisting of three qubits, each of which is kept in contact with an environment. We consider two settings: one is when there is necessarily transient cooling and the other is when both steady-state…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-14 Aparajita Bhattacharyya , Ahana Ghoshal , Ujjwal Sen

We design a measurement-based quantum refrigerator with an arbitrary number of qubits situated in a one-dimensional array that interact through variable-range XY interactions. The method proposed is based on repeated evolution followed by a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-09-19 Tanoy Kanti Konar , Srijon Ghosh , Aditi Sen De

We investigate, theoretically and experimentally, the thermodynamic performance of a minimal three-qubit heat-bath algorithmic cooling refrigerator. We analytically compute the coefficient of performance, the cooling power and the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-07-12 Rodolfo Soldati , Durga Bhaktavatsala Rao Dasari , Jörg Wrachtrup , Eric Lutz

The scaling of the optimal cooling power of a reciprocating quantum refrigerator is sought as a function of the cold bath temperature as $T_c \to 0$. The working medium consists of noninteracting particles in a harmonic potential. Two…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 Yair Rezek , Peter Salamon , Karl Heinz Hoffmann , Ronnie Kosloff

Small quantum absorption refrigerators have recently attracted renewed attention. Here we present a missing design of a two-qubit fridge, the main feature of which is that one of the two machine qubits is itself maintained at a temperature…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-08-04 Ralph Silva , Paul Skrzypczyk , Nicolas Brunner

Silicon-based quantum logic is a promising technology to implement universal quantum computing. It is widely believed that a millikelvin cryogenic environment will be necessary to accommodate silicon-based qubits. This prompts a question of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-07-04 Pavel Lougovski , Nicholas A. Peters

We study coupled quantum systems as the working media of thermodynamic machines. Under a suitable phase-space transformation, the coupled systems can be expressed as a composition of independent subsystems. We find that for the coupled…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-09-12 George Thomas , Manik Banik , Sibasish Ghosh

A reciprocating quantum refrigerator is studied with the purpose of determining the limitations of cooling to absolute zero. We find that if the energy spectrum of the working medium possesses an uncontrollable gap, then there is a minimum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-09-08 Tova Feldmann , Ronnie Kosloff

We propose a general protocol for low-control refrigeration and thermometry of thermal qubits, which can be implemented using electronic spins in diamond. The refrigeration is implemented by a probe, consisting of a network of interacting…

A hybrid quantum computing architecture combining quantum processors and quantum memory units allows for exploiting each component's unique properties to enhance the overall performance of the total system. However, superconducting qubits…

Engines are systems and devices that convert one form of energy into another, typically into a more useful form that can perform work. In the classical setup, physical, chemical, and biological engines largely involve the conversion of heat…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-11-19 Loris Maria Cangemi , Chitrak Bhadra , Amikam Levy

We investigate the nonequilibrium refrigeration of one and two-qubit systems in a squeezed thermal bath. We characterize the performance of one and two-qubit refrigerators in the presence of squeezed heat baths, in terms of their…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2023-06-05 Ashutosh Kumar , Sourabh Lahiri

Refrigeration is an important enabler for quantum technology. The very low energy of the fundamental excitations typically utilized in quantum technology devices and systems requires temperature well below 1 K. Expensive cryostats are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-09-16 E. Mykkänen , J. S. Lehtinen , A. Ronzani , A. Kemppinen , A. Alkurdi , P. -O. Chapuis , M. Prunnila

We propose a configuration of a single three-level quantum emitter embedded in a non-equilibrium steady electromagnetic environment, able to stabilize and control the local temperatures of a target system it interacts with, consisting of a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-01-20 Bruno Leggio , Pierre Doyeux , Riccardo Messina , Mauro Antezza

We study a three-level quantum refrigerator which is driven by a generic light state, even a nonclassical one. With the help of P function expansion of the driving light, we obtain the heat current generated by different types of light…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-27 Hui-Jing Cao , Fu Li , Sheng-Wen Li

In the task of unitarily cooling a quantum system with access to a larger quantum system, known as the machine or reservoir, how does the structure of the machine impact an agent's ability to cool and the complexity of their cooling…