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Hate speech remains prevalent in human society and continues to evolve in its forms and expressions. Modern advancements in internet and online anonymity accelerate its rapid spread and complicate its detection. However, hate speech…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Yejin Lee , Hyeseon Ahn , Yo-Sub Han

Given the black-box nature and complexity of large transformer language models (LM), concerns about generalizability and robustness present ethical implications for domains such as hate speech (HS) detection. Using the content rich Social…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-12 Jennifer L. Chen , Faisal Ladhak , Daniel Li , Noémie Elhadad

Growing evidence shows that proactive content moderation supported by AI can help improve online discourse. However, we know little about designing these systems, how design impacts efficacy and user experience, and how people perceive…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-01-22 Mark Warner , Angelika Strohmayer , Matthew Higgs , Husnain Rafiq , Liying Yang , Lynne Coventry

While recent research has focused on developing safeguards for generative AI (GAI) model-level content safety, little is known about how content moderation to prevent malicious content performs for end-users in real-world GAI products. To…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-06-18 Lan Gao , Oscar Chen , Rachel Lee , Nick Feamster , Chenhao Tan , Marshini Chetty

Online social media has become increasingly popular in recent years due to its ease of access and ability to connect with others. One of social media's main draws is its anonymity, allowing users to share their thoughts and opinions without…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-12 Vigneshwaran Shankaran , Rajesh Sharma

In today's globalized world, bridging the cultural divide is more critical than ever for forging meaningful connections. The Socially-Aware Dialogue Assistant System (SADAS) is our answer to this global challenge, and it's designed to…

Not Safe/Suitable for Work (NSFW) content is rampant on social networks and poses serious harm to citizens, especially minors. Current detection methods mainly rely on deep learning-based image recognition and classification. However, NSFW…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Han Bao , Qinying Wang , Zhi Chen , Qingming Li , Xuhong Zhang , Changjiang Li , Zonghui Wang , Shouling Ji , Wenzhi Chen

Recently research has started focusing on avoiding undesired effects that come with content moderation, such as censorship and overblocking, when dealing with hatred online. The core idea is to directly intervene in the discussion with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-04-10 Serra Sinem Tekiroglu , Yi-Ling Chung , Marco Guerini

Social media platforms curate access to information and opportunities, and so play a critical role in shaping public discourse today. The opaque nature of the algorithms these platforms use to curate content raises societal questions. Prior…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-03-08 Basileal Imana , Aleksandra Korolova , John Heidemann

Current multimodal toxicity benchmarks typically use a single binary hatefulness label. This coarse approach conflates two fundamentally different characteristics of expression: tone and content. Drawing on communication science theory, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Nils A. Herrmann , Tobias Eder , Jingyi He , Georg Groh

Hate speech remains a pressing challenge on social media, where platform moderation often fails to protect targeted users. Personal moderation tools that let users decide how content is filtered can address some of these shortcomings.…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Anna Ricarda Luther , Hendrik Heuer , Stephanie Geise , Sebastian Haunss , Andreas Breiter

The social media platform is a convenient medium to express personal thoughts and share useful information. It is fast, concise, and has the ability to reach millions. It is an effective place to archive thoughts, share artistic content,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-01 Ramchandra Joshi , Rushabh Karnavat , Kaustubh Jirapure , Raviraj Joshi

The exponential growth of social media platforms such as Twitter and Facebook has revolutionized textual communication and textual content publication in human society. However, they have been increasingly exploited to propagate toxic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-02-14 Wenxuan Wang , Jen-tse Huang , Weibin Wu , Jianping Zhang , Yizhan Huang , Shuqing Li , Pinjia He , Michael Lyu

From a computer science perspective, addressing on-line hate speech is a challenging task that is attracting the attention of both industry (mainly social media platform owners) and academia. In this chapter, we provide an overview of…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2021-05-18 Ivan Srba , Gabriele Lenzini , Matus Pikuliak , Samuel Pecar

Detecting hate speech in the workplace is a unique classification task, as the underlying social context implies a subtler version of conventional hate speech. Applications regarding a state-of the-art workplace sexism detection model…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-07-09 Dylan Grosz , Patricia Conde-Cespedes

As open-ended human-chatbot interaction becomes commonplace, sensitive content detection gains importance. In this work, we propose a two stage semi-supervised approach to bootstrap large-scale data for automatic sensitive language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-12-03 Chandra Khatri , Behnam Hedayatnia , Rahul Goel , Anushree Venkatesh , Raefer Gabriel , Arindam Mandal

Hate speech, offensive language, aggression, racism, sexism, and other abusive language are common phenomena in social media. There is a need for Artificial Intelligence(AI)based intervention which can filter hate content at scale. Most…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-13 Prashant Kapil , Asif Ekbal

Identifying the targets of hate speech is a crucial step in grasping the nature of such speech and, ultimately, in improving the detection of offensive posts on online forums. Much harmful content on online platforms uses implicit language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-01 Nazanin Jafari , James Allan , Sheikh Muhammad Sarwar

Online abusive behavior is an important issue that breaks the cohesiveness of online social communities and even raises public safety concerns in our societies. Motivated by this rising issue, researchers have proposed, collected, and…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2020-06-25 Md Rabiul Awal , Rui Cao , Roy Ka-Wei Lee , Sandra Mitrović