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Related papers: Cognitive Noise and Altruistic Preferences

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Humans quite frequently interact with conversational agents. The rapid advancement in generative language modeling through neural networks has helped advance the creation of intelligent conversational agents. Researchers typically evaluate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-02-27 Sashank Santhanam , Alireza Karduni , Samira Shaikh

Discrimination in selection problems such as hiring or college admission is often explained by implicit bias from the decision maker against disadvantaged demographic groups. In this paper, we consider a model where the decision maker…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-13 Vitalii Emelianov , Nicolas Gast , Krishna P. Gummadi , Patrick Loiseau

This article examines the effect of different other-regarding preference types on the emergence of altruistic punishment behavior from an evolutionary perspective. Our findings corroborate, complement, and interlink the experimental and…

Physics and Society · Physics 2014-08-26 Moritz Hetzer , Didier Sornette

Current AI systems minimize risk by enforcing ideological neutrality, yet this may introduce automation bias by suppressing cognitive engagement in human decision-making. We conducted randomized trials with 2,500 participants to test…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-08-21 Shiyang Lai , Junsol Kim , Nadav Kunievsky , Yujin Potter , James Evans

Varied sensory systems use noise in order to enhance detection of weak signals. It has been conjectured in the literature that this effect, known as stochastic resonance, may take place in central cognitive processes such as the memory…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2007-05-23 Julien Mayor , Wulfram Gerstner

Prior research in psychology has found that people's decisions are often inconsistent. An individual's decisions vary across time, and decisions vary even more across people. Inconsistencies have been identified not only in subjective…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-07-17 Nina Grgić-Hlača , Junaid Ali , Krishna P. Gummadi , Jennifer Wortman Vaughan

Computation plays a major role in decision making. Even if an agent is willing to ascribe a probability to all states and a utility to all outcomes, and maximize expected utility, doing so might present serious computational problems.…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2011-06-15 Joseph Y. Halpern , Rafael Pass

Algorithmic recourse provides counterfactual action plans that help people overturn unfavorable AI decisions. While diverse recourse sets may improve transparency and motivation, they may also impose cognitive load and negative emotions by…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Tomu Tominaga , Naomi Yamashita , Takeshi Kurashima

When humans infer underlying probabilities from stochastic observations, they exhibit biases and variability that cannot be explained on the basis of sound, Bayesian manipulations of probability. This is especially salient when beliefs are…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2021-07-08 Arthur Prat-Carrabin , Florent Meyniel , Misha Tsodyks , Rava Azeredo da Silveira

Cognitive biases, well-studied in humans, can also be observed in LLMs, affecting their reliability in real-world applications. This paper investigates the anchoring effect in LLM-driven price negotiations. To this end, we instructed seller…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-18 Yoshiki Takenami , Yin Jou Huang , Yugo Murawaki , Chenhui Chu

We study the associations between everyday economic decision-making quality and people's emotional states. Using high-frequency, highly disaggregated consumer "scanner" data, we show that the cost of poor decision-making is substantial, on…

General Economics · Economics 2026-03-24 Ian Crawford , Carl-Emil Pless

Despite strong evidence for peer effects, little is known about how individuals balance intrinsic preferences and social learning in different choice environments. Using a combination of experiments and discrete choice modeling, we show…

General Economics · Economics 2024-02-29 Fabian Dvorak , Urs Fischbacher

When inferring reward functions from human behavior (be it demonstrations, comparisons, physical corrections, or e-stops), it has proven useful to model the human as making noisy-rational choices, with a "rationality coefficient" capturing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-10 Gaurav R. Ghosal , Matthew Zurek , Daniel S. Brown , Anca D. Dragan

Computational preference elicitation methods are tools used to learn people's preferences quantitatively in a given context. Recent works on preference elicitation advocate for active learning as an efficient method to iteratively construct…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-07-29 Vijay Keswani , Vincent Conitzer , Hoda Heidari , Jana Schaich Borg , Walter Sinnott-Armstrong

In this paper we model the problem of learning preferences of a population as an active learning problem. We propose an algorithm can adaptively choose pairs of items to show to users coming from a heterogeneous population, and use the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-06-23 Aniruddha Bhargava , Ravi Ganti , Robert Nowak

The goal of this article is to investigate how human participants allocate their limited time to decisions with different properties. We report the results of two behavioral experiments. In each trial of the experiments, the participant…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2016-07-20 Arash Khodadadi , Pegah Fakhari , Jerome R. Busemeyer

This paper extends my research applying statistical decision theory to treatment choice with sample data, using maximum regret to evaluate the performance of treatment rules. The specific new contribution is to study as-if optimization…

Econometrics · Economics 2021-10-05 Charles F. Manski

This study proposes a tractable stochastic choice model to identify motivations for prosocial behavior, and to explore alternative motivations of deliberate randomization beyond ex-ante fairness concerns. To represent social preferences, we…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2023-05-01 Yosuke Hashidate , Keisuke Yoshihara

AI systems are often used to make or contribute to important decisions in a growing range of applications, including criminal justice, hiring, and medicine. Since these decisions impact human lives, it is important that the AI systems act…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-03-16 Duncan C McElfresh , Lok Chan , Kenzie Doyle , Walter Sinnott-Armstrong , Vincent Conitzer , Jana Schaich Borg , John P Dickerson

How do algorithmic decision aids introduced in business decision processes affect task performance? In a first experiment, we study effective collaboration. Faced with a decision, subjects alone have a success rate of 72%; Aided by a…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2020-09-18 Thomas Baudel , Manon Verbockhaven , Guillaume Roy , Victoire Cousergue , Rida Laarach