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Neural sequence models are widely used to model time-series data. Equally ubiquitous is the usage of beam search (BS) as an approximate inference algorithm to decode output sequences from these models. BS explores the search space in a…

There is a growing trend in studying deep hashing methods for content-based image retrieval (CBIR), where hash functions and binary codes are learnt using deep convolutional neural networks and then the binary codes can be used to do…

Visual similarities discovery (VSD) is an important task with broad e-commerce applications. Given an image of a certain object, the goal of VSD is to retrieve images of different objects with high perceptual visual similarity. Although…

The proliferation of generative AI and deceptive synthetic media threatens the global information ecosystem, especially across the Global Majority. This report from WITNESS highlights the limitations of current AI detection tools, which…

The reliable measurement of confidence in classifiers' predictions is very important for many applications and is, therefore, an important part of classifier design. Yet, although deep learning has received tremendous attention in recent…

Word embedding, specially with its recent developments, promises a quantification of the similarity between terms. However, it is not clear to which extent this similarity value can be genuinely meaningful and useful for subsequent tasks.…

Learning compact binary codes for image retrieval problem using deep neural networks has recently attracted increasing attention. However, training deep hashing networks is challenging due to the binary constraints on the hash codes. In…

Decoding approaches are widely used in neuroscience and machine learning to compare stimulus representations across neural systems, such as different brain regions, organisms, and deep learning models. Popular methods include decoding…

Binary code similarity detection (BCSD) has important applications in various fields such as vulnerability detection, software component analysis, and reverse engineering. Recent studies have shown that deep neural networks (DNNs) can…

Function-level binary code similarity detection is a crucial aspect of cybersecurity. It enables the detection of bugs and patent infringements in released software and plays a pivotal role in preventing supply chain attacks. A practical…

Neural networks have emerged as essential components in safety-critical applications -- these use cases demand complex, yet trustworthy computations. Binarized Neural Networks (BNNs) are a type of neural network where each neuron is…

The increasing use of deep neural networks (DNNs) in safety-critical systems has raised concerns about their potential for exhibiting ill-behaviors. While DNN verification and testing provide post hoc conclusions regarding unexpected…

The increase in network attacks has necessitated the development of robust and efficient intrusion detection systems (IDS) capable of identifying malicious activities in real-time. In the last five years, deep learning algorithms have…

This work presents an in-depth analysis of the majority of the deep neural networks (DNNs) proposed in the state of the art for image recognition. For each DNN multiple performance indices are observed, such as recognition accuracy, model…

Ensuring fairness in AI systems is critical, especially in high-stakes domains such as lending, hiring, and healthcare. This urgency is reflected in emerging global regulations that mandate fairness assessments and independent bias audits.…

From a geometric perspective most nonlinear binary classification algorithms, including state of the art versions of Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Radial Basis Function Network (RBFN) classifiers, and are based on the idea of…

Cryptographic digests (e.g., MD5, SHA-256) are designed to provide exact identity. Any single-bit change in the input produces a completely different hash, which is ideal for integrity verification but limits their usefulness in many…

Binary neural networks (BNNs), where both weights and activations are binarized into 1 bit, have been widely studied in recent years due to its great benefit of highly accelerated computation and substantially reduced memory footprint that…

Barcodes are ubiquitous and have been used in most of critical daily activities for decades. However, most of traditional decoders require well-founded barcode under a relatively standard condition. While wilder conditioned barcodes such as…

Deep neural networks (DNNs) are increasingly used in real-world applications (e.g. facial recognition). This has resulted in concerns about the fairness of decisions made by these models. Various notions and measures of fairness have been…