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This study explores the potential of Large Language Models (LLMs) in automating the repair of C programs. We present a framework that integrates spectrum-based fault localization (SBFL), runtime feedback, and Chain-of-Thought-structured…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-09-04 Mahdi Farzandway , Fatemeh Ghassemi

Recently, multiple Automated Program Repair (APR) techniques based on Large Language Models (LLMs) have been proposed to enhance the repair performance. While these techniques mainly focus on the single-line or hunk-level repair, they face…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-11-01 Jiahong Xiang , Xiaoyang Xu , Fanchu Kong , Mingyuan Wu , Zizheng Zhang , Haotian Zhang , Yuqun Zhang

Learning-based automated vulnerability repair (AVR) techniques that utilize fine-tuned language models have shown promise in generating vulnerability patches. However, questions remain about their ability to repair unseen vulnerabilities.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Woorim Han , Yeongjun Kwak , Miseon Yu , Kyeongmin Kim , Younghan Lee , Hyungon Moon , Yunheung Paek

With the rise of Large Language Models (LLMs) such as ChatGPT, researchers have been working on how to utilize the LLMs for better recommendations. However, although LLMs exhibit black-box and probabilistic characteristics (meaning their…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-11-20 Madhurima Khirbat , Yongli Ren , Pablo Castells , Mark Sanderson

Metaphor is a pervasive feature of discourse and a powerful lens for examining cognition, emotion, and ideology. Large-scale analysis, however, has been constrained by the need for manual annotation due to the context-sensitive nature of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Matteo Fuoli , Weihang Huang , Jeannette Littlemore , Sarah Turner , Ellen Wilding

Generative Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly used in non-generative software maintenance tasks, such as fault localization (FL). Success in FL depends on a models ability to reason about program semantics beyond surface-level…

LLM-based automated program repair methods have attracted significant attention for their state-of-the-art performance. However, they were primarily evaluated on a few well known datasets like Defects4J, raising questions about their…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-03-13 Fengjie Li , Jiajun Jiang , Jiajun Sun , Hongyu Zhang

As Large Language Models (LLMs) evolve from passive text generators to active reasoning agents capable of interacting with external tools, the Model Context Protocol (MCP) has emerged as a key standardized framework for dynamic tool…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Xuanqi Gao , Siyi Xie , Juan Zhai , Shiqing Ma , Chao Shen

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown high capabilities in several software development-related tasks such as program repair, documentation, code refactoring, debugging, and testing. However, training these models requires massive amount…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Meghdad Dehghan , Jie JW Wu , Fatemeh H. Fard , Ali Ouni

Loop transformations are semantics-preserving optimization techniques, widely used to maximize objectives such as parallelism. Despite decades of research, applying the optimal composition of loop transformations remains challenging due to…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2025-12-19 Yijie Zhi , Yayu Cao , Jianhua Dai , Xiaoyang Han , Jingwen Pu , Qingran Wu , Sheng Cheng , Ming Cai

Metamorphic testing is a widely used methodology that examines an expected relation between pairs of executions to automatically find bugs, such as correctness bugs. We found that code coverage cannot accurately measure the extent to which…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-08-25 Jinsheng Ba , Yuancheng Jiang , Manuel Rigger

Evaluating the programming robustness of large language models (LLMs) is paramount for ensuring their reliability in AI-based software development. However, adversarial attacks exhibit fundamental limitations that compromise fair robustness…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Sen Fang , Weiyuan Ding , Mengshi Zhang , Zihao Chen , Bowen Xu

Providing personalized and timely feedback for student's programming assignments is useful for programming education. Automated program repair (APR) techniques have been used to fix the bugs in programming assignments, where the Large…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-10-30 Fang Liu , Zhenwei Liu , Qianhui Zhao , Jing Jiang , Li Zhang , Ge Li , Zian Sun , Zhongqi Li , Yuchi Ma

Large language models (LLMs) have recently achieved significant success across various application domains, garnering substantial attention from different communities. Unfortunately, even for the best LLM, many \textit{faults} still exist…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-11-06 Qiang Hu , Jin Wen , Maxime Cordy , Yuheng Huang , Wei Ma , Xiaofei Xie , Lei Ma

Post-training for large language models (LLMs) is constrained by the high cost of acquiring new knowledge or correcting errors and by the unintended side effects that frequently arise from retraining. To address these issues, we introduce…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Yisu Wang , Ming Wang , Haoyuan Song , Wenjie Huang , Chaozheng Wang , Yi Xie , Xuming Ran

Large Language Models (LLMs) show promise for Automated Program Repair (APR), yet their effectiveness on security vulnerabilities remains poorly characterized. This study analyzes 319 LLM-generated security patchesacross 64 Java…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Amir Al-Maamari

In recent years, Automated Program Repair (APR) has been extensively studied in academia and even drawn wide attention from industry. However, APR techniques can be extremely time consuming since (1) a large number of patches can be…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-07-03 Yiling Lou , Jun Yang , Samuel Benton , Dan Hao , Lin Tan , Zhenpeng Chen , Lu Zhang , Lingming Zhang

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used for program verification, and yet little is known about \emph{how} they reason about program semantics during this process. In this work, we focus on abstract interpretation based-reasoning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Jacqueline L. Mitchell , Brian Hyeongseok Kim , Chenyu Zhou , Chao Wang

Various deep learning-based approaches utilizing pre-trained language models (PLMs) have been proposed for automated vulnerability detection. With recent advancements in large language models (LLMs), several studies have begun exploring…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Honglin Shu , Michael Fu , Junji Yu , Dong Wang , Chakkrit Tantithamthavorn , Junjie Chen , Yasutaka Kamei

Enhancement reports (ERs) serve as a critical communication channel between users and developers, capturing valuable suggestions for software improvement. However, manually processing these reports is resource-intensive, leading to delays…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-06-19 Haosheng Zuo , Feifei Niu , Chuanyi Li
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