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Over 70 million people worldwide experience stuttering, yet most automatic speech systems misinterpret disfluent utterances or fail to transcribe them accurately. Existing methods for stutter correction rely on handcrafted feature…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-06 Qianheng Xu

In streaming settings, speech recognition models have to map sub-sequences of speech to text before the full audio stream becomes available. However, since alignment information between speech and text is rarely available during training,…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-12-20 Oscar Chang , Dongseong Hwang , Olivier Siohan

While transformer-based models achieve strong performance on text classification, we explore whether masking input tokens can further enhance their effectiveness. We propose token masking regularization, a simple yet theoretically motivated…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Xianglong Xu , John Bowen , Rojin Taheri

While there have been several contributions exploring state of the art techniques for text normalization, the problem of inverse text normalization (ITN) remains relatively unexplored. The best known approaches leverage finite state…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-02-15 Monica Sunkara , Chaitanya Shivade , Sravan Bodapati , Katrin Kirchhoff

Speech dereverberation is an important stage in many speech technology applications. Recent work in this area has been dominated by deep neural network models. Temporal convolutional networks (TCNs) are deep learning models that have been…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-07-26 William Ravenscroft , Stefan Goetze , Thomas Hain

Sequence-to-sequence models have been widely used in end-to-end speech processing, for example, automatic speech recognition (ASR), speech translation (ST), and text-to-speech (TTS). This paper focuses on an emergent sequence-to-sequence…

Large language models (LLMs) are highly sensitive to the prompts used to specify task objectives and behavioral constraints. Many recent prompt optimization methods iteratively rewrite prompts using LLM-generated feedback, but the resulting…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Lucheng Fu , Ye Yu , Yiyang Wang , Yiqiao Jin , Haibo Jin , B. Aditya Prakash , Haohan Wang

Aligning acoustic and linguistic representations is a central challenge to bridge the pre-trained models in knowledge transfer for automatic speech recognition (ASR). This alignment is inherently structured and asymmetric: while multiple…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Xugang Lu , Peng Shen , Hisashi Kawai

This paper presents a novel evaluation approach to text-based speaker diarization (SD), tackling the limitations of traditional metrics that do not account for any contextual information in text. Two new metrics are proposed, Text-based…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-15 Chen Gong , Peilin Wu , Jinho D. Choi

Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) based on Recurrent Neural Network Transducers (RNN-T) is gaining interest in the speech community. We investigate data selection and preparation choices aiming for improved robustness of RNN-T ASR to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-12-14 Valentin Mendelev , Tina Raissi , Guglielmo Camporese , Manuel Giollo

In this work we propose a novel token-based training strategy that improves Transformer-Transducer (T-T) based speaker change detection (SCD) performance. The conventional T-T based SCD model loss optimizes all output tokens equally. Due to…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-12-06 Guanlong Zhao , Quan Wang , Han Lu , Yiling Huang , Ignacio Lopez Moreno

Consistency regularization on label predictions becomes a fundamental technique in semi-supervised learning, but it still requires a large number of training iterations for high performance. In this study, we analyze that the consistency…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-10 Doyup Lee , Sungwoong Kim , Ildoo Kim , Yeongjae Cheon , Minsu Cho , Wook-Shin Han

Target speech extraction is a technique to extract the target speaker's voice from mixture signals using a pre-recorded enrollment utterance that characterize the voice characteristics of the target speaker. One major difficulty of target…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-06-17 Hiroshi Sato , Tsubasa Ochiai , Marc Delcroix , Keisuke Kinoshita , Takafumi Moriya , Naoki Makishima , Mana Ihori , Tomohiro Tanaka , Ryo Masumura

The recent emergence of joint CTC-Attention model shows significant improvement in automatic speech recognition (ASR). The improvement largely lies in the modeling of linguistic information by decoder. The decoder joint-optimized with an…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-27 Xulong Zhang , Jianzong Wang , Ning Cheng , Mengyuan Zhao , Zhiyong Zhang , Jing Xiao

Inverse text normalization (ITN) is used to convert the spoken form output of an automatic speech recognition (ASR) system to a written form. Traditional handcrafted ITN rules can be complex to transcribe and maintain. Meanwhile neural…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-07-21 Laxmi Pandey , Debjyoti Paul , Pooja Chitkara , Yutong Pang , Xuedong Zhang , Kjell Schubert , Mark Chou , Shu Liu , Yatharth Saraf

Attention-based sequence-to-sequence modeling provides a powerful and elegant solution for applications that need to map one sequence to a different sequence. Its success heavily relies on the availability of large amounts of training data.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-02-12 Yun Tang , Juan Pino , Changhan Wang , Xutai Ma , Dmitriy Genzel

The paper proposes a novel regularization procedure for machine learning. The proposed high-order regularization (HR) provides new insight into regularization, which is widely used to train a neural network that can be utilized to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-14 Xinghua Liu , Ming Cao

In representation learning (RL), how to make the learned representations easy to interpret and less overfitted to training data are two important but challenging issues. To address these problems, we study a new type of regulariza- tion…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-11-28 Pengtao Xie , Hongbao Zhang , Eric P. Xing

Regularization of neural machine translation is still a significant problem, especially in low-resource settings. To mollify this problem, we propose regressing word embeddings (ReWE) as a new regularization technique in a system that is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-04-05 Inigo Jauregi Unanue , Ehsan Zare Borzeshi , Nazanin Esmaili , Massimo Piccardi

While recent advancements in Image Super-Resolution (SR) using diffusion models have shown promise in improving overall image quality, their application to scene text images has revealed limitations. These models often struggle with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Keren Ye , Ignacio Garcia Dorado , Michalis Raptis , Mauricio Delbracio , Irene Zhu , Peyman Milanfar , Hossein Talebi