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The widespread adoption of large language models (LLMs) necessitates reliable methods to detect LLM-generated text. We introduce SimMark, a robust sentence-level watermarking algorithm that makes LLMs' outputs traceable without requiring…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-12 Amirhossein Dabiriaghdam , Lele Wang

Recent work shows that post-training datasets for LLMs can be substantially downsampled without noticeably deteriorating performance. However, data selection often incurs high computational costs or is limited to narrow domains. In this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-25 Paramita Mirza , Lucas Weber , Fabian Küch

Adversarial Imitation Learning (AIL) is a broad family of imitation learning methods designed to mimic expert behaviors from demonstrations. While AIL has shown state-of-the-art performance on imitation learning with only small number of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-21 Ruohan Wang , Carlo Ciliberto , Pierluigi Amadori , Yiannis Demiris

Real-world Super-Resolution (Real-SR) methods focus on dealing with diverse real-world images and have attracted increasing attention in recent years. The key idea is to use a complex and high-order degradation model to mimic real-world…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-23 Wenlong Zhang , Xiaohui Li , Xiangyu Chen , Yu Qiao , Xiao-Ming Wu , Chao Dong

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown remarkable capabilities, with optimizing their input prompts playing a pivotal role in maximizing their performance. However, while LLM prompts consist of both the task-agnostic system prompts and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Yumin Choi , Jinheon Baek , Sung Ju Hwang

We study methods for efficiently aligning large language models (LLMs) with human preferences given budgeted online feedback. We first formulate the LLM alignment problem in the frame of contextual dueling bandits. This formulation,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-12 Zichen Liu , Changyu Chen , Chao Du , Wee Sun Lee , Min Lin

In this paper, we introduce a novel weighted co-training approach that is guided by Large Language Models (LLMs). Namely, in our co-training approach, we use LLM labels on unlabeled data as target labels and co-train two encoder-only based…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Md Mezbaur Rahman , Cornelia Caragea

Data selection in instruction tuning emerges as a pivotal process for acquiring high-quality data and training instruction-following large language models (LLMs), but it is still a new and unexplored research area for vision-language models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-21 Ruibo Chen , Yihan Wu , Lichang Chen , Guodong Liu , Qi He , Tianyi Xiong , Chenxi Liu , Junfeng Guo , Heng Huang

Fine-tuning large language models (LLMs) with limited data poses a practical challenge in low-resource languages, specialized domains, and constrained deployment settings. While pre-trained LLMs provide strong foundations, effective…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Marton Szep , Daniel Rueckert , Rüdiger von Eisenhart-Rothe , Florian Hinterwimmer

Recent years have seen a rapid surge in research leveraging Large Language Models (LLMs) for recommendation. These methods typically employ supervised fine-tuning (SFT) to adapt LLMs to recommendation scenarios, and utilize beam search…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Weiqin Yang , Bohao Wang , Zhenxiang Xu , Jiawei Chen , Shengjia Zhang , Jingbang Chen , Canghong Jin , Can Wang

Fine-tuning vision-language models (VLMs) with abundant unlabeled data recently has attracted increasing attention. Existing methods that resort to the pseudolabeling strategy would suffer from heavily incorrect hard pseudolabels when VLMs…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Jiahan Zhang , Qi Wei , Feng Liu , Lei Feng

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have shown satisfactory effects in many autonomous driving tasks. In this paper, MLLMs are utilized to solve joint semantic scene understanding and risk localization tasks, while only relying on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-30 Jiaqi Fan , Jianhua Wu , Jincheng Gao , Jianhao Yu , Yafei Wang , Hongqing Chu , Bingzhao Gao

Sequential recommender systems are essential for discerning user preferences from historical interactions and facilitating targeted recommendations. Recent innovations employing Large Language Models (LLMs) have advanced the field by…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-09-04 Xinyu Zhang , Linmei Hu , Luhao Zhang , Dandan Song , Heyan Huang , Liqiang Nie

Recently, Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown impressive language capabilities. While most of the existing LLMs have very unbalanced performance across different languages, multilingual alignment based on translation parallel data is an…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-19 Shimao Zhang , Changjiang Gao , Wenhao Zhu , Jiajun Chen , Xin Huang , Xue Han , Junlan Feng , Chao Deng , Shujian Huang

Recently, Language Models (LMs) instruction-tuned on multiple tasks, also known as multitask-prompted fine-tuning (MT), have shown the capability to generalize to unseen tasks. Previous work has shown that scaling the number of training…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-02-10 Joel Jang , Seungone Kim , Seonghyeon Ye , Doyoung Kim , Lajanugen Logeswaran , Moontae Lee , Kyungjae Lee , Minjoon Seo

Search plays a fundamental role in problem-solving across various domains, with most real-world decision-making problems being solvable through systematic search. Drawing inspiration from recent discussions on search and learning, we…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-27 Minhua Lin , Hui Liu , Xianfeng Tang , Jingying Zeng , Zhenwei Dai , Chen Luo , Zheng Li , Xiang Zhang , Qi He , Suhang Wang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have become indispensable in real-world applications. However, their widespread adoption raises significant safety concerns, particularly in responding to socially harmful questions. Despite substantial efforts…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Gabriel J. Perin , Runjin Chen , Xuxi Chen , Nina S. T. Hirata , Zhangyang Wang , Junyuan Hong

Fine-tuning the bias terms of large language models (LLMs) has the potential to achieve unprecedented parameter efficiency while maintaining competitive performance, particularly in low-data regimes. However, the link between fine-tuning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Baichuan Huang , Ananth Balashankar , Amir Aminifar

Meta-reinforcement learning (Meta-RL) facilitates rapid adaptation to unseen tasks but faces challenges in long-horizon environments. Skill-based approaches tackle this by decomposing state-action sequences into reusable skills and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Sanghyeon Lee , Sangjun Bae , Yisak Park , Seungyul Han

Fine-tuning Large Language Models (LLMs) incurs considerable training costs, driving the need for data-efficient training with optimised data ordering. Human-inspired strategies offer a solution by organising data based on human learning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-06 Yushi Yang , Andrew M. Bean , Robert McCraith , Adam Mahdi
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