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Fundamental models, trained on large-scale datasets and adapted to new data using innovative learning methods, have revolutionized various fields. In materials science, microstructure image segmentation plays a pivotal role in understanding…

Materials Science · Physics 2024-07-09 Xudong Ma , Yuqi Zhang , Chenchong Wang , Wei Xu

Segmentation is a fundamental problem in surgical scene analysis using artificial intelligence. However, the inherent data scarcity in this domain makes it challenging to adapt traditional segmentation techniques for this task. To tackle…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-08 Jay N. Paranjape , Nithin Gopalakrishnan Nair , Shameema Sikder , S. Swaroop Vedula , Vishal M. Patel

With the emergence of the Segment Anything Model (SAM) as a foundational model for image segmentation, its application has been extensively studied across various domains, including the medical field. However, its potential in the context…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-17 SeungKyu Kim , Hyun-Jic Oh , Seonghui Min , Won-Ki Jeong

Foundation models like the Segment Anything Model (SAM) excel in zero-shot segmentation for natural images but struggle with medical image segmentation due to differences in texture, contrast, and noise. Annotating medical images is costly…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-04-14 Sourya Sengupta , Satrajit Chakrabarty , Keerthi Sravan Ravi , Gopal Avinash , Ravi Soni

Foundation models like the Segment Anything Model (SAM) show strong generalization, yet adapting them to medical images remains difficult due to domain shift, scarce labels, and the inability of Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT) to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-29 Vi Vu , Thanh-Huy Nguyen , Tien-Thinh Nguyen , Ba-Thinh Lam , Hoang-Thien Nguyen , Tianyang Wang , Xingjian Li , Min Xu

The Segment Anything Model (SAM) is a promptable segmentation model recently introduced by Meta AI that has demonstrated its prowess across various fields beyond just image segmentation. SAM can accurately segment images across diverse…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-18 Junzhang Chen , Xiangzhi Bai

Medical image segmentation is a key task in the imaging workflow, influencing many image-based decisions. Traditional, fully-supervised segmentation models rely on large amounts of labeled training data, typically obtained through manual…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-04 Tyler Ward , Meredith K. Owen , O'Kira Coleman , Brian Noehren , Abdullah-Al-Zubaer Imran

Leveraging the Segment Anything Model (SAM) for medical image segmentation remains challenging due to its limited adaptability across diverse medical domains. Although fine-tuned variants, such as MedSAM, improve performance in scenarios…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Jianghao Wu , Yicheng Wu , Yutong Xie , Wenjia Bai , You Zhang , Feilong Tang , Yulong Li , Imran Razzak , Daniel F Schmidt , Yasmeen George

Generalizing the medical image segmentation algorithms to unseen domains is an important research topic for computer-aided diagnosis and surgery. Most existing methods require a fully labeled dataset in each source domain. Although some…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-18 Huifeng Yao , Xiaowei Hu , Xiaomeng Li

Semantic segmentation provides pixel-level scene understanding essential for autonomous driving and fine-grained perception tasks. However, training segmentation models requires costly, labor-intensive annotations on real-world datasets.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Yerin Cheon , Aruna Balasubramanian , Francois Rameau

Medical image segmentation poses challenges due to domain gaps, data modality variations, and dependency on domain knowledge or experts, especially for low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Whereas for humans, given a few exemplars…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-28 Chen Xu , Qiming Huang , Yuqi Hou , Jiangxing Wu , Fan Zhang , Hyung Jin Chang , Jianbo Jiao

Automated segmentation is a fundamental medical image analysis task, which enjoys significant advances due to the advent of deep learning. While foundation models have been useful in natural language processing and some vision tasks for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-12 Hanxue Gu , Haoyu Dong , Jichen Yang , Maciej A. Mazurowski

Nucleus segmentation is an important analysis task in digital pathology. However, methods for automatic segmentation often struggle with new data from a different distribution, requiring users to manually annotate nuclei and retrain…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-03 Titus Griebel , Anwai Archit , Constantin Pape

The Segment Anything Model (SAM) is a deep neural network foundational model designed to perform instance segmentation which has gained significant popularity given its zero-shot segmentation ability. SAM operates by generating masks based…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-19 Yona Falinie A. Gaus , Neelanjan Bhowmik , Brian K. S. Isaac-Medina , Toby P. Breckon

Synthetic data, an appealing alternative to extensive expert-annotated data for medical image segmentation, consistently fails to improve segmentation performance despite its visual realism. The reason being that synthetic and real medical…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-04 OFM Riaz Rahman Aranya , Kevin Desai

Due to the inherent flexibility of prompting, foundation models have emerged as the predominant force in the fields of natural language processing and computer vision. The recent introduction of the Segment Anything Model (SAM) signifies a…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-01-09 Yichi Zhang , Zhenrong Shen , Rushi Jiao

The Segment Anything Model (SAM) has drawn significant attention from researchers who work on medical image segmentation because of its generalizability. However, researchers have found that SAM may have limited performance on medical…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-28 Yihao Liu , Jiaming Zhang , Andres Diaz-Pinto , Haowei Li , Alejandro Martin-Gomez , Amir Kheradmand , Mehran Armand

The recently released Segment Anything Model (SAM) has shown powerful zero-shot segmentation capabilities through a semi-automatic annotation setup in which the user can provide a prompt in the form of clicks or bounding boxes. There is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Benjamin Towle , Xin Chen , Ke Zhou

Medical image segmentation is crucial for computer-aided diagnosis, yet privacy constraints hinder data sharing across institutions. Federated learning addresses this limitation, but existing approaches often rely on lightweight…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Tong Wang , Xingyue Zhao , Linghao Zhuang , Haoyu Zhao , Jiayi Yin , Yuyang He , Gang Yu , Bo Lin

Medical image segmentation is clinically important, yet data privacy and the cost of expert annotation limit the availability of labeled data. Federated semi-supervised learning (FSSL) offers a solution but faces two challenges:…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Sahar Nasirihaghighi , Negin Ghamsarian , Yiping Li , Marcel Breeuwer , Raphael Sznitman , Klaus Schoeffmann