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The great success of the diffusion model in image synthesis led to the release of gigantic commercial models, raising the issue of copyright protection and inappropriate content generation. Training-free diffusion watermarking provides a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-30 Po-Yuan Mao , Cheng-Chang Tsai , Chun-Shien Lu

Digital watermarking has shown its effectiveness in protecting multimedia content. However, existing watermarking is predominantly tailored for specific media types, rendering them less effective for the protection of content displayed on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-18 Xiujian Liang , Gaozhi Liu , Yichao Si , Xiaoxiao Hu , Zhenxing Qian

Watermarking has emerged as a promising way to detect LLM-generated text, by augmenting LLM generations with later detectable signals. Recent work has proposed multiple families of watermarking schemes, several of which focus on preserving…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Thibaud Gloaguen , Nikola Jovanović , Robin Staab , Martin Vechev

Semantic watermarks exhibit strong robustness against conventional image-space attacks. In this work, we show that such robustness does not survive under micro-geometric perturbations: spatial displacements can remove watermarks by breaking…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-03 Xiaoxi Kong , Jieyu Yuan , Pengdi Chen , Yuanlin Zhang , Chongyi Li , Bin Li

In practical application, the widespread deployment of diffusion models often necessitates substantial investment in training. As diffusion models find increasingly diverse applications, concerns about potential misuse highlight the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-31 Jijia Yang , Sen Peng , Xiaohua Jia

Robust invisible watermarking systems aim to embed imperceptible payloads that remain decodable after common post-processing such as JPEG compression, cropping, and additive noise. In parallel, diffusion-based image editing has rapidly…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Fai Gu , Qiyu Tang , Te Wen , Emily Davis , Finn Carter

One of the effective methods for the preservation of copyright ownership of digital media is watermarking. Different watermarking techniques try to set a tradeoff between robustness and transparency of the process. In this research work, we…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2019-11-05 Maedeh Jamali , Mahnoosh Bagheri , Nader Karimi , Shadrokh Samavi

The advent of high-quality video generation models has amplified the need for robust watermarking schemes that can be used to reliably detect and track the provenance of generated videos. Existing video watermarking methods based on both…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Samar Fares , Nurbek Tastan , Karthik Nandakumar

As Diffusion Models (DM) generate increasingly realistic images, related issues such as copyright and misuse have become a growing concern. Watermarking is one of the promising solutions. Existing methods inject the watermark into the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-16 Kecen Li , Zhicong Huang , Xinwen Hou , Cheng Hong

With the increasing attention to deep neural network (DNN) models, attacks are also upcoming for such models. For example, an attacker may carefully construct images in specific ways (also referred to as adversarial examples) aiming to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-08 Yuexin Xiang , Tiantian Li , Wei Ren , Tianqing Zhu , Kim-Kwang Raymond Choo

Watermarking enables GenAI providers to verify whether content was generated by their models. A watermark is a hidden signal in the content, whose presence can be detected using a secret watermark key. A core security threat are forgery…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Toluwani Aremu , Noor Hussein , Munachiso Nwadike , Samuele Poppi , Jie Zhang , Karthik Nandakumar , Neil Gong , Nils Lukas

Vulnerability of watermarking schemes against intense signal processing attacks is generally a major concern, particularly when there are techniques to reproduce an acceptable copy of the original signal with no chance for detecting the…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2015-01-09 Hossein Bakhshi Golestani , Shahrokh Ghaemmaghami

In this work, we present an efficient multi-bit deep image watermarking method that is cover-agnostic yet also robust to geometric distortions such as translation and scaling as well as other distortions such as JPEG compression and noise.…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2022-06-23 Xiyang Luo , Michael Goebel , Elnaz Barshan , Feng Yang

With generative models producing high quality images that are indistinguishable from real ones, there is growing concern regarding the malicious usage of AI-generated images. Imperceptible image watermarking is one viable solution towards…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Ahmad Rezaei , Mohammad Akbari , Saeed Ranjbar Alvar , Arezou Fatemi , Yong Zhang

The rapid progress of image-guided video generation (I2V) has raised concerns about its potential misuse in misinformation and fraud, underscoring the urgent need for effective digital watermarking. While existing watermarking methods…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Guanjie Wang , Zehua Ma , Han Fang , Weiming Zhang

Digital watermarking techniques are crucial for copyright protection and source identification of images, especially in the era of generative AI models. However, many existing watermarking methods, particularly content-agnostic approaches…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-14 Pei Yang , Hai Ci , Yiren Song , Mike Zheng Shou

Integrating watermarks into generative images is a critical strategy for protecting intellectual property and enhancing artificial intelligence security. This paper proposes Plug-in Generative Watermarking (PiGW) as a general framework for…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2024-03-21 Rui Ma , Mengxi Guo , Li Yuming , Hengyuan Zhang , Cong Ma , Yuan Li , Xiaodong Xie , Shanghang Zhang

Deep learning has been achieving top performance in many tasks. Since training of a deep learning model requires a great deal of cost, we need to treat neural network models as valuable intellectual properties. One concern in such a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-01-21 Ryota Namba , Jun Sakuma

Robust reversible watermarking (RRW) enables copyright protection for images while overcoming the limitation of distortion introduced by watermark itself. Current RRW schemes typically employ a two-stage framework, which fails to achieve…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Zikai Xu , Bin Liu , Weihai Li , Lijunxian Zhang , Nenghai Yu

AI-generated content (AIGC) enables efficient visual creation but raises copyright and authenticity risks. As a common technique for integrity verification and source tracing, digital image watermarking is regarded as a potential solution…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Yuzhuo Chen , Zehua Ma , Han Fang , Weiming Zhang , Nenghai Yu