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We introduce a machine-learning (ML) framework for high-throughput benchmarking of diverse representations of chemical systems against datasets of materials and molecules. The guiding principle underlying the benchmarking approach is to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-07 Carl Poelking , Felix A. Faber , Bingqing Cheng

Machine learning (ML) techniques increase the effectiveness of software engineering (SE) lifecycle activities. We systematically collected, quality-assessed, summarized, and categorized 83 reviews in ML for SE published between 2009-2022,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-12-05 Zoe Kotti , Rafaila Galanopoulou , Diomidis Spinellis

Agents powered by large language models (LLMs) are increasingly adopted in the software industry, contributing code as collaborators or even autonomous developers. As their presence grows, it becomes important to assess the current…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Qixing Zhou , Jiacheng Zhang , Haiyang Wang , Rui Hao , Jiahe Wang , Minghao Han , Yuxue Yang , Shuzhe Wu , Feiyang Pan , Lue Fan , Dandan Tu , Zhaoxiang Zhang

Amongst the most common use cases of modern AI is LLM chat with web search enabled. However, no direct evaluations of the quality of web research agents exist that control for the continually-changing web. We introduce Deep Research Bench,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-10 FutureSearch , : , Nikos I. Bosse , Jon Evans , Robert G. Gambee , Daniel Hnyk , Peter Mühlbacher , Lawrence Phillips , Dan Schwarz , Jack Wildman

LLM-based agent systems are emerging as a new software paradigm and have been widely adopted across diverse domains such as medicine, robotics, and programming. However, maintaining these systems requires substantial effort, as they are…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Alfin Wijaya Rahardja , Junwei Liu , Weitong Chen , Zhenpeng Chen , Yiling Lou

Leveraging Multi-modal Large Language Models (MLLMs) to create embodied agents offers a promising avenue for tackling real-world tasks. While language-centric embodied agents have garnered substantial attention, MLLM-based embodied agents…

Artificial Intelligence (AI) / Machine Learning (ML)-based systems are widely sought-after commercial solutions that can automate and augment core business services. Intelligent systems can improve the quality of services offered and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-26 Akriti Chadda , Kelly Song , Raman Chandrasekar , Ian Gorton

While Large Language Models (LLMs) have evolved into tool-using agents, they remain brittle in long-horizon interactions. Unlike mathematical reasoning where errors are often rectifiable via backtracking, tool-use failures frequently induce…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Shengda Fan , Xuyan Ye , Yupeng Huo , Zhi-Yuan Chen , Yiju Guo , Shenzhi Yang , Wenkai Yang , Shuqi Ye , Jingwen Chen , Haotian Chen , Xin Cong , Yankai Lin

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) are evolving from passive observers into active agents, solving problems through Visual Expansion (invoking visual tools) and Knowledge Expansion (open-web search). However, existing evaluations fall…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Qianshan Wei , Yishan Yang , Siyi Wang , Jinglin Chen , Binyu Wang , Jiaming Wang , Shuang Chen , Zechen Li , Yang Shi , Yuqi Tang , Weining Wang , Yi Yu , Chaoyou Fu , Qi Li , Yi-Fan Zhang

The advancement of large language model (LLM) based agents has shifted AI evaluation from single-turn response assessment to multi-step task completion in interactive environments. We present an empirical study evaluating frontier AI models…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-15 Logan Ritchie , Sushant Mehta , Nick Heiner , Mason Yu , Edwin Chen

Generative AI agents, software systems powered by Large Language Models (LLMs), are emerging as a promising approach to automate cybersecurity tasks. Among the others, penetration testing is a challenging field due to the task complexity…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Luca Gioacchini , Marco Mellia , Idilio Drago , Alexander Delsanto , Giuseppe Siracusano , Roberto Bifulco

As benchmarks grow in complexity, many apparent agent failures are not failures of the agent at all - they are failures of the benchmark itself: broken specifications, implicit assumptions, and rigid evaluation scripts that penalize valid…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Xinming Tu , Tianze Wang , Yingzhou , Lu , Kexin Huang , Yuanhao Qu , Sara Mostafavi

AI inference at the edge is becoming increasingly common for low-latency services. However, edge environments are power- and resource-constrained, and susceptible to failures. Conventional failure resilience approaches, such as cloud…

The rapid proliferation of Large Language Models (LLMs) has revolutionized AI-assisted code generation. This rapid development of LLMs has outpaced our ability to properly benchmark them. Prevailing benchmarks emphasize unit-test pass rates…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Panayiotis Danassis , Naman Goel

AI models are increasingly prevalent in high-stakes environments, necessitating thorough assessment of their capabilities and risks. Benchmarks are popular for measuring these attributes and for comparing model performance, tracking…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-11-21 Anka Reuel , Amelia Hardy , Chandler Smith , Max Lamparth , Malcolm Hardy , Mykel J. Kochenderfer

We present the results of the second Neural MMO challenge, hosted at IJCAI 2022, which received 1600+ submissions. This competition targets robustness and generalization in multi-agent systems: participants train teams of agents to complete…

Mobile GUI Agents, AI agents capable of interacting with mobile applications on behalf of users, have the potential to transform human computer interaction. However, current evaluation practices for GUI agents face two fundamental…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Youngmin Im , Byeongung Jo , Jaeyoung Wi , Seungwoo Baek , Tae Hoon Min , Joo Hyung Lee , Sangeun Oh , Insik Shin , Sunjae Lee

The adoption of large language models (LLMs) to assist clinicians has attracted remarkable attention. Existing works mainly adopt the close-ended question-answering (QA) task with answer options for evaluation. However, many clinical…

Large language model (LLM) agents have exhibited strong problem-solving competence across domains like research and coding. Yet, it remains underexplored whether LLM agents can tackle compounding real-world problems that require a diverse…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Hanwen Xu , Xuyao Huang , Yuzhe Liu , Kai Yu , Zhijie Deng

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown impressive performance on existing medical question-answering benchmarks. This high performance makes it increasingly difficult to meaningfully evaluate and differentiate advanced methods. We present…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-21 Xiangru Tang , Daniel Shao , Jiwoong Sohn , Jiapeng Chen , Jiayi Zhang , Jinyu Xiang , Fang Wu , Yilun Zhao , Chenglin Wu , Wenqi Shi , Arman Cohan , Mark Gerstein
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