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Emotional support is a core capability in human-AI interaction, with applications including psychological counseling, role play, and companionship. However, existing evaluations of large language models (LLMs) often rely on short, static…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-13 Zhouxing Tan , Ruochong Xiong , Yulong Wan , Jinlong Ma , Hanlin Xue , Qichun Deng , Haifeng Jing , Zhengtong Zhang , Depei Liu , Shiyuan Luo , Junfei Liu

Emotion recognition (ER) is an important task in Natural Language Processing (NLP), due to its high impact in real-world applications from health and well-being to author profiling, consumer analysis and security. Current approaches to ER,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-01-26 Hassan Alhuzali , Sophia Ananiadou

Emotional intelligence in large language models (LLMs) is of great importance in Natural Language Processing. However, the previous research mainly focus on basic sentiment analysis tasks, such as emotion recognition, which is not enough to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-23 Yuyan Chen , Hao Wang , Songzhou Yan , Sijia Liu , Yueze Li , Yi Zhao , Yanghua Xiao

Large decoder-based language models have become the dominant architecture for reward modeling in reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF). However, as reward models are increasingly deployed in test-time strategies, their inference…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Sarah Pan

Existing 3D facial emotion modeling have been constrained by limited emotion classes and insufficient datasets. This paper introduces "Emo3D", an extensive "Text-Image-Expression dataset" spanning a wide spectrum of human emotions, each…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-04 Mahshid Dehghani , Amirahmad Shafiee , Ali Shafiei , Neda Fallah , Farahmand Alizadeh , Mohammad Mehdi Gholinejad , Hamid Behroozi , Jafar Habibi , Ehsaneddin Asgari

Sentiment and emotion understanding are essential to applications such as human-computer interaction and depression detection. While Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) demonstrate robust general capabilities, they face considerable…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Ao Li , Longwei Xu , Chen Ling , Jinghui Zhang , Pengwei Wang

Automatic emotion recognition is an active research topic with wide range of applications. Due to the high manual annotation cost and inevitable label ambiguity, the development of emotion recognition dataset is limited in both scale and…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-09-08 Jingjun Liang , Ruichen Li , Qin Jin

Although Large Audio-Language Models (LALMs) have exhibited outstanding performance in auditory understanding, their performance in affective computing scenarios, particularly in emotion recognition, reasoning, and subtle sentiment…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Pengcheng Li , Botao Zhao , Zuheng Kang , Junqing Peng , Xiaoyang Qu , Yayun He , Jianzong Wang

Descriptive Multimodal Emotion Recognition (DMER) has garnered increasing research attention. Unlike traditional discriminative paradigms that rely on predefined emotion taxonomies, DMER aims to describe human emotional state using…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Zheng Lian , Licai Sun , Lan Chen , Haoyu Chen , Zebang Cheng , Fan Zhang , Ziyu Jia , Ziyang Ma , Fei Ma , Xiaojiang Peng , Jianhua Tao

Recent multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have shown strong capabilities in perception, reasoning, and generation, and are increasingly used in applications such as social robots and human-computer interaction, where understanding…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-28 He Hu , Tengjin Weng , Zebang Cheng , Yu Wang , Jiachen Luo , Björn Schuller , Zheng Lian , Laizhong Cui

Recognising emotions in context involves identifying an individual's apparent emotions while considering contextual cues from the surrounding scene. Previous approaches to this task have typically designed explicit scene-encoding…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-16 Alexandros Xenos , Niki Maria Foteinopoulou , Ioanna Ntinou , Ioannis Patras , Georgios Tzimiropoulos

Negative emotions are linked to the onset of neurodegenerative diseases and dementia, yet they are often difficult to detect through observation. Physiological signals from wearable devices offer a promising noninvasive method for…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Muhammad Irfan , Anum Nawaz , Ayse Kosal Bulbul , Riku Klen , Abdulhamit Subasi , Tomi Westerlund , Wei Chen

Multimodal Audio-Language Models (ALMs) can understand and reason over both audio and text. Typically, reasoning performance correlates with model size, with the best results achieved by models exceeding 8 billion parameters. However, no…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-03-12 Soham Deshmukh , Satvik Dixit , Rita Singh , Bhiksha Raj

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have shown remarkable progress in visual reasoning and understanding tasks but still struggle to capture the complexity and subjectivity of human emotions. Existing approaches based on supervised…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Yiyang Fang , Wenke Huang , Pei Fu , Yihao Yang , Kehua Su , Zhenbo Luo , Jian Luan , Mang Ye

Sentiment analysis and emotion detection are important research topics in natural language processing (NLP) and benefit many downstream tasks. With the widespread application of LLMs, researchers have started exploring the application of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-27 Zhiwei Liu , Kailai Yang , Tianlin Zhang , Qianqian Xie , Sophia Ananiadou

With the rapid advancement of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs), they have demonstrated exceptional capabilities across a variety of vision-language tasks. However, current evaluation benchmarks predominantly focus on objective…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Haokun Li , Yazhou Zhang , Jizhi Ding , Qiuchi Li , Peng Zhang

Evaluating Large Language Models' (LLMs) anthropomorphic capabilities has become increasingly important in contemporary discourse. Utilizing the emotion appraisal theory from psychology, we propose to evaluate the empathy ability of LLMs,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Jen-tse Huang , Man Ho Lam , Eric John Li , Shujie Ren , Wenxuan Wang , Wenxiang Jiao , Zhaopeng Tu , Michael R. Lyu

Sentiment classification typically relies on a large amount of labeled data. In practice, the availability of labels is highly imbalanced among different languages, e.g., more English texts are labeled than texts in any other languages,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2019-03-26 Zhenpeng Chen , Sheng Shen , Ziniu Hu , Xuan Lu , Qiaozhu Mei , Xuanzhe Liu

Emotional understanding and generation are often treated as separate tasks, yet they are inherently complementary and can mutually enhance each other. In this paper, we propose the UniEmo, a unified framework that seamlessly integrates…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Yijie Zhu , Lingsen Zhang , Zitong Yu , Rui Shao , Tao Tan , Liqiang Nie

Multimodal Emotion Recognition (MER) is critical for interpreting real-world interactions. While Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLM) have shown promise in MER, their internal decision-making mechanisms under modality conflict and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Yueru Sun , Yimeng Zhang , Haoyu Gu , Nuo Chen , Dong She , Xianrong Yao , Yang Gao , Zhanpeng Jin