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Related papers: Emergent properties with repeated examples

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One of the most surprising and exciting discoveries in supervised learning was the benefit of overparameterization (i.e. training a very large model) to improving the optimization landscape of a problem, with minimal effect on statistical…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-07-17 Rares-Darius Buhai , Yoni Halpern , Yoon Kim , Andrej Risteski , David Sontag

Computational cost of training state-of-the-art deep models in many learning problems is rapidly increasing due to more sophisticated models and larger datasets. A recent promising direction for reducing training cost is dataset…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-23 Bo Zhao , Hakan Bilen

A significant challenge in maintaining real-world machine learning models is responding to the continuous and unpredictable evolution of data. Most practitioners are faced with the difficult question: when should I retrain or update my…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Regol Florence , Schwinn Leo , Sprague Kyle , Coates Mark , Markovich Thomas

Independently trained machine learning models tend to learn similar features. Given an ensemble of independently trained models, this results in correlated predictions and common failure modes. Previous attempts focusing on decorrelation of…

The problem of reinforcement learning is considered where the environment or the model undergoes a change. An algorithm is proposed that an agent can apply in such a problem to achieve the optimal long-time discounted reward. The algorithm…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-04-25 Wuxia Chen , Taposh Banerjee , Jemin George , Carl Busart

Overparameterized models have proven to be powerful tools for solving various machine learning tasks. However, overparameterization often leads to a substantial increase in computational and memory costs, which in turn requires extensive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-13 Soo Min Kwon , Zekai Zhang , Dogyoon Song , Laura Balzano , Qing Qu

Data augmentation plays a pivotal role in enhancing and diversifying training data. Nonetheless, consistently improving model performance in varied learning scenarios, especially those with inherent data biases, remains challenging. To…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Xiaoling Zhou , Wei Ye , Zhemg Lee , Rui Xie , Shikun Zhang

The pretrain-finetune paradigm usually improves downstream performance over training a model from scratch on the same task, becoming commonplace across many areas of machine learning. While pretraining is empirically observed to be…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-13 Gabriele Merlin , Vedant Nanda , Ruchit Rawal , Mariya Toneva

Large-scale Transformer models are known for their exceptional performance in a range of tasks, but training them can be difficult due to the requirement for communication-intensive model parallelism. One way to improve training speed is to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-09 Song Bian , Dacheng Li , Hongyi Wang , Eric P. Xing , Shivaram Venkataraman

We explain that the difficulties of training deep neural networks come from a syndrome of three consistency issues. This paper describes our efforts in their analysis and treatment. The first issue is the training speed inconsistency in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-08-03 Chengxi Ye , Yezhou Yang , Cornelia Fermuller , Yiannis Aloimonos

Many prediction problems, such as those that arise in the context of robotics, have a simplifying underlying structure that, if known, could accelerate learning. In this paper, we present a strategy for learning a set of neural network…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-06 Ferran Alet , Tomás Lozano-Pérez , Leslie P. Kaelbling

What if artificial intelligence could not only solve problems for which it was trained but also learn to teach itself to solve new problems (i.e., meta-learn)? In this study, we demonstrate that a pre-trained transformer fine-tuned with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-27 Micah Rentschler , Jesse Roberts

Model multiplicity is a well-known but poorly understood phenomenon that undermines the generalisation guarantees of machine learning models. It appears when two models with similar training-time performance differ in their predictions and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-01 Ari Heljakka , Martin Trapp , Juho Kannala , Arno Solin

Human learning relies on specialization -- distinct cognitive mechanisms working together to enable rapid learning. In contrast, most modern neural networks rely on a single mechanism: gradient descent over an objective function. This…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-16 Daniel Weitekamp , Christopher MacLellan , Erik Harpstead , Kenneth Koedinger

Data augmentation is commonly used to encode invariances in learning methods. However, this process is often performed in an inefficient manner, as artificial examples are created by applying a number of transformations to all points in the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-03-04 Michael Kuchnik , Virginia Smith

Reproducibility of modeling is a problem that exists for any machine learning practitioner, whether in industry or academia. The consequences of an irreproducible model can include significant financial costs, lost time, and even loss of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-10-11 Peter Sugimura , Florian Hartl

Understanding reasoning in large language models is complicated by evaluations that conflate multiple reasoning types. We isolate analogical reasoning, where a model transfers an attribute between entities that share known properties, and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Ruichen Xu , Wenjing Yan , Ying-Jun Angela Zhang

Data inherently possesses dual attributes: samples and targets. For targets, knowledge distillation has been widely employed to accelerate model convergence, primarily relying on teacher-generated soft target supervision. Conversely, recent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Runkang Yang , Peng Sun , Xinyi Shang , Yi Tang , Tao Lin

Many existing imitation learning datasets are collected from multiple demonstrators, each with different expertise at different parts of the environment. Yet, standard imitation learning algorithms typically treat all demonstrators as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-14 Mark Beliaev , Andy Shih , Stefano Ermon , Dorsa Sadigh , Ramtin Pedarsani

In [1, 2], we have explored the theoretical aspects of feature extraction optimization processes for solving largescale problems and overcoming machine learning limitations. Majority of optimization algorithms that have been introduced in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-08-28 Farid Ghareh Mohammadi , M. Hadi Amini , Hamid R. Arabnia