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Most machine learning classifiers are designed to output posterior probabilities for the classes given the input sample. These probabilities may be used to make the categorical decision on the class of the sample; provided as input to a…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-08-07 Luciana Ferrer , Daniel Ramos

This paper explores the calibration of a classifier output score in binary classification problems. A calibrator is a function that maps the arbitrary classifier score, of a testing observation, onto $[0,1]$ to provide an estimate for the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-29 Waleed A. Yousef , Issa Traore , William Briguglio

In many classification problems it is desirable to output well-calibrated probabilities on the different classes. We propose a robust, non-parametric method of calibrating probabilities called SplineCalib that utilizes smoothing splines to…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-09-21 Brian Lucena

Accurate and reliable probability predictions are essential for multi-class supervised learning tasks, where well-calibrated models enable rational decision-making. While isotonic regression has proven effective for binary calibration, its…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-11 Alon Arad , Saharon Rosset

We introduce and study the problem of calibrating conditional risk, which involves estimating the expected loss of a prediction model conditional on input features. We analyze this problem in both classification and regression settings and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Andrey Vasilyev , Yikai Wang , Xiaocheng Li , Guanting Chen

Consider a multi-class labelling problem, where the labels can take values in $[k]$, and a predictor predicts a distribution over the labels. In this work, we study the following foundational question: Are there notions of multi-class…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Parikshit Gopalan , Lunjia Hu , Guy N. Rothblum

Calibration weighting is a fundamental technique in survey sampling and data integration for incorporating auxiliary information and improving efficiency of estimators. Classical calibration methods are typically formulated through distance…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-03-24 Jae Kwang Kim , Yonghyun Kwon , Yumou Qiu

Identification of model parameters in computer simulations is an important topic in computer experiments. We propose a new method, called the projected kernel calibration method, to estimate these model parameters. The proposed method is…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-05-10 Rui Tuo

Several variants of reweighted risk functionals, such as focal loss, inverse focal loss, and the Area Under the Risk Coverage Curve (AURC), have been proposed for improving model calibration; yet their theoretical connections to calibration…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Han Zhou , Sebastian G. Gruber , Teodora Popordanoska , Matthew B. Blaschko

Calibration allows predictions to be reliably interpreted as probabilities by decision makers. We propose a decision-theoretic calibration error, the Calibration Decision Loss (CDL), defined as the maximum improvement in decision payoff…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-14 Lunjia Hu , Yifan Wu

Classifier calibration does not always go hand in hand with the classifier's ability to separate the classes. There are applications where good classifier calibration, i.e. the ability to produce accurate probability estimates, is more…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-05-26 Tuomo Alasalmi , Jaakko Suutala , Heli Koskimäki , Juha Röning

We propose a robust calibration pipeline that optimises the selection of calibration samples for the estimation of calibration parameters that fit the entire scene. We minimise user error by automating the data selection process according…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-09-23 Darren Tsai , Stewart Worrall , Mao Shan , Anton Lohr , Eduardo Nebot

Deep neural networks have demonstrated remarkable performance across numerous learning tasks but often suffer from miscalibration, resulting in unreliable probability outputs. This has inspired many recent works on mitigating…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Wenjian Huang , Guiping Cao , Jiahao Xia , Jingkun Chen , Hao Wang , Jianguo Zhang

We propose generalized resubstitution error estimators for regression, a broad family of estimators, each corresponding to a choice of empirical probability measures and loss function. The usual sum of squares criterion is a special case…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-24 Diego Marcondes , Ulisses Braga-Neto

An important step in building a quantum computer is calibrating experimentally implemented quantum gates to produce operations that are close to ideal unitaries. The calibration step involves estimating the systematic errors in gates and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-10-22 Shelby Kimmel , Guang Hao Low , Theodore J. Yoder

Methods for reasoning under uncertainty are a key building block of accurate and reliable machine learning systems. Bayesian methods provide a general framework to quantify uncertainty. However, because of model misspecification and the use…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-07-03 Volodymyr Kuleshov , Nathan Fenner , Stefano Ermon

Safety-critical prediction systems, such as autonomous vehicles, weather forecasters, and medical monitors, commonly rely on probabilistic forecasters. These forecasters make predictions about possible future outcomes, and their quality and…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-04-30 Romeo Valentin

Calibrating neural networks is of utmost importance when employing them in safety-critical applications where the downstream decision making depends on the predicted probabilities. Measuring calibration error amounts to comparing two…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-30 Kartik Gupta , Amir Rahimi , Thalaiyasingam Ajanthan , Thomas Mensink , Cristian Sminchisescu , Richard Hartley

A general method to combine several estimators of the same quantity is investigated. In the spirit of model and forecast averaging, the final estimator is computed as a weighted average of the initial ones, where the weights are constrained…

Methodology · Statistics 2015-05-26 Frédéric Lavancier , Paul Rochet

The most critical component of any adaptive numerical quadrature routine is the estimation of the integration error. Since the publication of the first algorithms in the 1960s, many error estimation schemes have been presented, evaluated…

Numerical Analysis · Computer Science 2010-11-09 Pedro Gonnet