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We explore the methodology and theory of reward-directed generation via conditional diffusion models. Directed generation aims to generate samples with desired properties as measured by a reward function, which has broad applications in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-17 Hui Yuan , Kaixuan Huang , Chengzhuo Ni , Minshuo Chen , Mengdi Wang

Discriminative classifiers have become a foundational tool in deep learning for medical imaging, excelling at learning separable features of complex data distributions. However, these models often need careful design, augmentation, and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-11 Gian Mario Favero , Parham Saremi , Emily Kaczmarek , Brennan Nichyporuk , Tal Arbel

Conditional diffusion models serve as the foundation of modern image synthesis and find extensive application in fields like computational biology and reinforcement learning. In these applications, conditional diffusion models incorporate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-19 Hengyu Fu , Zhuoran Yang , Mengdi Wang , Minshuo Chen

We study conditional generation in diffusion models under hard constraints, where generated samples must satisfy prescribed events with probability one. Such constraints arise naturally in safety-critical applications and in rare-event…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Zhengyi Guo , Wenpin Tang , Renyuan Xu

Effectively designing molecular geometries is essential to advancing pharmaceutical innovations, a domain, which has experienced great attention through the success of generative models and, in particular, diffusion models. However, current…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2025-01-07 Sirine Ayadi , Leon Hetzel , Johanna Sommer , Fabian Theis , Stephan Günnemann

Conditional diffusion probabilistic models can model the distribution of natural images and can generate diverse and realistic samples based on given conditions. However, oftentimes their results can be unrealistic with observable color…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-12-15 Kangfu Mei , Nithin Gopalakrishnan Nair , Vishal M. Patel

Classifier guidance is a recently introduced method to trade off mode coverage and sample fidelity in conditional diffusion models post training, in the same spirit as low temperature sampling or truncation in other types of generative…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-27 Jonathan Ho , Tim Salimans

Recent advancements in diffusion models have revolutionized generative modeling. However, the impressive and vivid outputs they produce often come at the cost of significant model scaling and increased computational demands. Consequently,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-03 Jincheng Zhong , Xiangcheng Zhang , Jianmin Wang , Mingsheng Long

Creating large-scale datasets for training high-performance generative models is often prohibitively expensive, especially when associated attributes or annotations must be provided. As a result, merging existing datasets has become a…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-03-31 Yanfeng Yang , Kenji Fukumizu

Quantum denoising diffusion models have recently emerged as a powerful framework for generative quantum machine learning. In this work, we extend these models by introducing a conditioning mechanism that enables the generation of quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-23 Daniel Quinn , Lorenzo Buffoni , Stefano Gherardini , Gabriele De Chiara

Recent improvements in conditional generative modeling have made it possible to generate high-quality images from language descriptions alone. We investigate whether these methods can directly address the problem of sequential…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-11 Anurag Ajay , Yilun Du , Abhi Gupta , Joshua Tenenbaum , Tommi Jaakkola , Pulkit Agrawal

Most existing cross-modal generative methods based on diffusion models use guidance to provide control over the latent space to enable conditional generation across different modalities. Such methods focus on providing guidance through…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-31 Zizhao Hu , Mohammad Rostami

Generating realistic 3D point clouds is a fundamental problem in computer vision with applications in remote sensing, robotics, and digital object modeling. Existing generative approaches primarily capture geometry, and when semantics are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Gunner Stone , Sushmita Sarker , Alireza Tavakkoli

Generative models have recently undergone significant advancement due to the diffusion models. The success of these models can be often attributed to their use of guidance techniques, such as classifier or classifier-free guidance, which…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-01-31 Gyeongnyeon Kim , Wooseok Jang , Gyuseong Lee , Susung Hong , Junyoung Seo , Seungryong Kim

The discovery of inorganic crystal structures with targeted properties is a significant challenge in materials science. Generative models, especially state-of-the-art diffusion models, offer the promise of modeling complex data…

Diffusion models have emerged as a formidable tool for training-free conditional generation.However, a key hurdle in inference-time guidance techniques is the need for compute-heavy backpropagation through the diffusion network for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-05 Nithin Gopalakrishnan Nair , Vishal M Patel

We present a novel simulation-free framework for training continuous-time diffusion processes over very general objective functions. Existing methods typically involve either prescribing the optimal diffusion process -- which only works for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Mengjian Hua , Eric Vanden-Eijnden , Ricky T. Q. Chen

Diffusion models have demonstrated remarkable progress in image generation quality, especially when guidance is used to control the generative process. However, guidance requires a large amount of image-annotation pairs for training and is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-28 Vincent Tao Hu , David W Zhang , Yuki M. Asano , Gertjan J. Burghouts , Cees G. M. Snoek

Antibody therapeutics are among the most successful modern medicines, yet computationally designing antibodies with desirable binding and developability properties remains challenging. While protein language models (pLMs) have emerged as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Justin Sanders , Luca Giancardo , Lan Guo , Yue Zhao , Kemal Sonmez , Nina Cheng , Melih Yilmaz

Score-based diffusion models have emerged as effective approaches for both conditional and unconditional generation. Still conditional generation is based on either a specific training of a conditional model or classifier guidance, which…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-25 Davide Scassola , Sebastiano Saccani , Ginevra Carbone , Luca Bortolussi