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Recent SOTA approaches for embodied learning via interaction directly employ large language models (LLMs) as agents to determine the next steps in an environment. Due to their world knowledge and reasoning capabilities, LLM agents achieve…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-15 Abhay Zala , Jaemin Cho , Han Lin , Jaehong Yoon , Mohit Bansal

Personalized learning represents a promising educational strategy within intelligent educational systems, aiming to enhance learners' practice efficiency. However, the discrepancy between offline metrics and online performance significantly…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Weibo Gao , Qi Liu , Linan Yue , Fangzhou Yao , Rui Lv , Zheng Zhang , Hao Wang , Zhenya Huang

Building generalist agents that can handle diverse tasks and evolve themselves across different environments is a long-term goal in the AI community. Large language models (LLMs) are considered a promising foundation to build such agents…

Student simulation in online education is important to address dynamic learning behaviors of students with diverse backgrounds. Existing simulation models based on deep learning usually need massive training data, lacking prior knowledge in…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-04-12 Songlin Xu , Xinyu Zhang , Lianhui Qin

Effective teaching requires adapting instructional strategies to accommodate the diverse cognitive and behavioral profiles of students, a persistent challenge in education and teacher training. While Large Language Models (LLMs) offer…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Debdeep Sanyal , Agniva Maiti , Umakanta Maharana , Dhruv Kumar , Ankur Mali , C. Lee Giles , Murari Mandal

Training AI models has always been challenging, especially when there is a need for custom models to provide personalized services. Algorithm engineers often face a lengthy process to iteratively develop models tailored to specific business…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-11-27 Haoyuan Li , Hao Jiang , Tianke Zhang , Zhelun Yu , Aoxiong Yin , Hao Cheng , Siming Fu , Yuhao Zhang , Wanggui He

Large Action Models (LAMs) for AI Agents offer incredible potential but face challenges due to the need for high-quality training data, especially for multi-steps tasks that involve planning, executing tool calls, and responding to…

Recent improvements in large language model (LLM) performance on academic benchmarks, such as MATH and GSM8K, have emboldened their use as standalone tutors and as simulations of human learning. However, these new applications require more…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-06 Daniel Weitekamp , Momin N. Siddiqui , Christopher J. MacLellan

Simulated environments play an essential role in embodied AI, functionally analogous to test cases in software engineering. However, existing environment generation methods often emphasize visual realism (e.g., object diversity and layout…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Jianan Wang , Siyang Zhang , Bin Li , Juan Chen , Jingtao Qi , Zhuo Zhang , Chen Qian

Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) have enabled understanding webpage contexts, product details, and human instructions. Utilizing LLMs as the foundational architecture for either reward models or policies in reinforcement…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-30 Shuang Feng , Grace Feng

The increasing heterogeneity of student populations poses significant challenges for teachers, particularly in mathematics education, where cognitive, motivational, and emotional differences strongly influence learning outcomes. While…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Jana Gonnermann-Müller , Jennifer Haase , Konstantin Fackeldey , Sebastian Pokutta

With the advent of AI agents, automatic scientific discovery has become a tenable goal. Many recent works scaffold agentic systems that can perform machine learning research, but don't offer a principled way to train such agents -- and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Ziyang Cai , Harkirat Behl

Effective feedback is essential for fostering students' success in scientific inquiry. With advancements in artificial intelligence, large language models (LLMs) offer new possibilities for delivering instant and adaptive feedback. However,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-19 Kathrin Seßler , Arne Bewersdorff , Claudia Nerdel , Enkelejda Kasneci

Large language models (LLMs) are revolutionizing education, with LLM-based agents playing a key role in simulating student behavior. A major challenge in student simulation is modeling the diverse learning patterns of students at various…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Tao Wu , Jingyuan Chen , Wang Lin , Mengze Li , Yumeng Zhu , Ang Li , Kun Kuang , Fei Wu

The promise of generative AI to revolutionize education is constrained by the pedagogical limits of large language models (LLMs). A major issue is the lack of access to high-quality training data that reflect the learning of actual…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Janos Perczel , Jin Chow , Dorottya Demszky

Feedback is one of the most crucial components to facilitate effective learning. With the rise of large language models (LLMs) in recent years, research in programming education has increasingly focused on automated feedback generation to…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-09-05 Niklas Scholz , Manh Hung Nguyen , Adish Singla , Tomohiro Nagashima

Preparing high-quality instructional materials remains a labor-intensive process that often requires extensive coordination among teaching faculty, instructional designers, and teaching assistants. In this work, we present Instructional…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Huaiyuan Yao , Wanpeng Xu , Justin Turnau , Nadia Kellam , Hua Wei

This project examines the prospect of using AI-generated feedback as suggestions to expedite and enhance human instructors' feedback provision. In particular, we focus on understanding the teaching assistants' perspectives on the quality of…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Xinyi Lu , Aditya Mahesh , Zejia Shen , Mitchell Dudley , Larissa Sano , Xu Wang

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance across a wide range of tasks and domains, with data playing a central role in enabling these advances. Despite this success, the preparation and effective utilization of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Hao Liang , Zhengyang Zhao , Zhaoyang Han , Meiyi Qiang , Xiaochen Ma , Bohan Zeng , Qifeng Cai , Zhiyu Li , Linpeng Tang , Weinan E , Wentao Zhang

Effective feedback, including critique and evaluation, helps designers develop design concepts and refine their ideas, supporting informed decision-making throughout the iterative design process. However, in studio-based design courses,…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Hyunseung Lim , Dasom Choi , DaEun Choi , Sooyohn Nam , Hwajung Hong
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