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Generative models offer a scalable and flexible paradigm for simulating complex environments, yet current approaches fall short in addressing the domain-specific requirements of autonomous driving - such as multi-agent interactions,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-27 Lloyd Russell , Anthony Hu , Lorenzo Bertoni , George Fedoseev , Jamie Shotton , Elahe Arani , Gianluca Corrado

Prevailing Vision-Language-Action Models (VLAs) for robotic manipulation are built upon vision-language backbones pretrained on large-scale, but disconnected static web data. As a result, despite improved semantic generalization, the policy…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-12-22 Jonas Pai , Liam Achenbach , Victoriano Montesinos , Benedek Forrai , Oier Mees , Elvis Nava

Graph pre-training has been concentrated on graph-level tasks involving small graphs (e.g., molecular graphs) or learning node representations on a fixed graph. Extending graph pre-trained models to web-scale graphs with billions of nodes…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-07 Yufei He , Zhenyu Hou , Yukuo Cen , Jun Hu , Feng He , Xu Cheng , Jie Tang , Bryan Hooi

Humanoid robots capable of autonomous operation in diverse environments have long been a goal for roboticists. However, autonomous manipulation by humanoid robots has largely been restricted to one specific scene, primarily due to the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-10 Yanjie Ze , Zixuan Chen , Wenhao Wang , Tianyi Chen , Xialin He , Ying Yuan , Xue Bin Peng , Jiajun Wu

Building an agent that can mimic human behavior patterns to accomplish various open-world tasks is a long-term goal. To enable agents to effectively learn behavioral patterns across diverse tasks, a key challenge lies in modeling the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-03-12 Zaijing Li , Yuquan Xie , Rui Shao , Gongwei Chen , Dongmei Jiang , Liqiang Nie

Diffusion models have shown impressive performance in many visual generation and manipulation tasks. Many existing methods focus on training a model for a specific task, especially, text-to-video (T2V) generation, while many other works…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Ruibin Li , Tao Yang , Yangming Shi , Weiguo Feng , Shilei Wen , Bingyue Peng , Lei Zhang

Tool use, a hallmark feature of human intelligence, remains a challenging problem in robotics due the complex contacts and high-dimensional action space. In this work, we present a novel method to enable reinforcement learning of tool use…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-08-02 Malte Mosbach , Sven Behnke

Robotics has long been a field riddled with complex systems architectures whose modules and connections, whether traditional or learning-based, require significant human expertise and prior knowledge. Inspired by large pre-trained language…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-09-27 Rogerio Bonatti , Sai Vemprala , Shuang Ma , Felipe Frujeri , Shuhang Chen , Ashish Kapoor

Solving real-world manipulation tasks requires robots to have a repertoire of skills applicable to a wide range of circumstances. When using learning-based methods to acquire such skills, the key challenge is to obtain training data that…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-04-19 Kuan Fang , Toki Migimatsu , Ajay Mandlekar , Li Fei-Fei , Jeannette Bohg

Imitation learning is a powerful machine learning algorithm for a robot to acquire manipulation skills. Nevertheless, many real-world manipulation tasks involve precise and dexterous robot-object interactions, which make it difficult for…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-07-23 Zhao-Heng Yin , Pieter Abbeel

Autonomous robotic systems capable of learning novel manipulation tasks are poised to transform industries from manufacturing to service automation. However, modern methods (e.g., VIP and R3M) still face significant hurdles, notably the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-04-29 Puhao Li , Tengyu Liu , Yuyang Li , Muzhi Han , Haoran Geng , Shu Wang , Yixin Zhu , Song-Chun Zhu , Siyuan Huang

We present Unified-IO 2, the first autoregressive multimodal model that is capable of understanding and generating image, text, audio, and action. To unify different modalities, we tokenize inputs and outputs -- images, text, audio, action,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-29 Jiasen Lu , Christopher Clark , Sangho Lee , Zichen Zhang , Savya Khosla , Ryan Marten , Derek Hoiem , Aniruddha Kembhavi

Intelligent agents need to generalize from past experience to achieve goals in complex environments. World models facilitate such generalization and allow learning behaviors from imagined outcomes to increase sample-efficiency. While…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-15 Danijar Hafner , Timothy Lillicrap , Mohammad Norouzi , Jimmy Ba

Meta-reinforcement learning algorithms can enable robots to acquire new skills much more quickly, by leveraging prior experience to learn how to learn. However, much of the current research on meta-reinforcement learning focuses on task…

We tackle the problem of learning complex, general behaviors directly in the real world. We propose an approach for robots to efficiently learn manipulation skills using only a handful of real-world interaction trajectories from many…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-08-22 Russell Mendonca , Shikhar Bahl , Deepak Pathak

We introduce Forecast-aware Gaussian Splatting (Forecast-GS), a predictive 3D representation framework for language-conditioned robotic manipulation. While recent manipulation systems have made progress by grounding language instructions…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Kaixin Jia , Jiacheng Xu

Many task domains require robots to interpret and act upon natural language commands which are given by people and which refer to the robot's physical surroundings. Such interpretation is known variously as the symbol grounding problem,…

We introduce GRS (Generating Robotic Simulation tasks), a system addressing real-to-sim for robotic simulations. GRS creates digital twin simulations from single RGB-D observations with solvable tasks for virtual agent training. Using…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Alex Zook , Fan-Yun Sun , Josef Spjut , Valts Blukis , Stan Birchfield , Jonathan Tremblay

World models, which predict future transitions from past observation and action sequences, have shown great promise for improving data efficiency in sequential decision-making. However, existing world models often require extensive…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Siqiao Huang , Jialong Wu , Qixing Zhou , Shangchen Miao , Mingsheng Long

Visual-textual understanding is essential for language-guided robot manipulation. Recent works leverage pre-trained vision-language models to measure the similarity between encoded visual observations and textual instructions, and then…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Chaoran Zhu , Hengyi Wang , Yik Lung Pang , Changjae Oh