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On the Internet, sub-millisecond queueing delay and capacity-seeking have traditionally been considered mutually exclusive. We introduce a service that offers both: Low Latency Low Loss Scalable throughput (L4S). When tested under a wide…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2022-09-05 Koen De Schepper , Olga Albisser , Olivier Tilmans , Bob Briscoe

Low-latency decoding for large language models (LLMs) is crucial for applications like chatbots and code assistants, yet generating long outputs remains slow in single-query settings. Prior work on speculative decoding (which combines a…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-06-16 Ziyi Zhang , Ziheng Jiang , Chengquan Jiang , Menghan Yu , Size Zheng , Haibin Lin , Henry Hoffmann , Xin Liu

Datacenter applications demand both low latency and high throughput; while interactive applications (e.g., Web Search) demand low tail latency for their short messages due to their partition-aggregate software architecture, many…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2018-07-09 Hamed Rezaei , Mojtaba Malekpourshahraki , Balajee Vamanan

With few exceptions, the path to deployment for any Internet technology requires that there be some benefit to unilateral adoption of the new technology. In an Internet where the technology is not fully deployed, is an individual better off…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-03-10 Fatih Berkay Sarpkaya , Fraida Fund , Shivendra Panwar

Design for low latency networking is essential for tomorrow's interactive applications, but it is essential to deploy incrementally and universally at the network's last mile. While wired broadband ISPs are rolling out the leading queue…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-10-06 Haoran Wan , Kyle Jamieson

This paper presents and analyses the implementation of a novel active queue management (AQM) named FavorQueue that aims to improve delay transfer of short lived TCP flows over best-effort networks. The idea is to dequeue packets that do not…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2015-03-19 Pascal Anelli , Remi Diana , Emmanuel Lochin

This article presents a novel framework for real-time Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) data transmission that leverages rate-adaptive technologies and point cloud encoding methods to ensure low-latency, and low-loss data streaming. The…

As 5G networks strive to support advanced time-critical applications, such as immersive Extended Reality (XR), cloud gaming, and autonomous driving, the demand for Real-time Broadband Communication (RTBC) grows. In this article, we present…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-10-23 Guangjin Pan , Shugong Xu , Pin Jiang

The Low Latency, Low Loss, Scalable Throughput (L4S) architecture has the potential to reduce queuing delay when it is deployed at endpoints and routers throughout the Internet. However, it is not clear how TCP Prague, a prototype scalable…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-07-02 Fatih Berkay Sarpkaya , Ashutosh Srivastava , Fraida Fund , Shivendra Panwar

Channel estimation is crucial in 5G communication networks for optimizing transmission parameters and ensuring reliable, high-speed communication. However, the use of multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) and millimeter-wave (mmWave) in…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Shengzhe Lyu , Yuhan She , Di Duan , Tao Ni , Yu Hin Chan , Chengwen Luo , Ray C. C. Cheung , Weitao Xu

Real-time communication applications require consistently low latency, which is often disrupted by latency spikes caused by competing flows, especially Web traffic. We identify the root cause of disruptions in such cases as the mismatch…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-02-08 Zili Meng , Nirav Atre , Mingwei Xu , Justine Sherry , Maria Apostolaki

Network traffic classification is of great importance for network operators in their daily routines, such as analyzing the usage patterns of multimedia applications and optimizing network configurations. Internet service providers (ISPs)…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-04-04 Rushi Jayeshkumar Babaria , Minzhao Lyu , Gustavo Batista , Vijay Sivaraman

The increasing use of cloud computing for latency-sensitive applications has sparked renewed interest in providing tight bounds on network tail latency. Achieving this in practice at reasonable network utilization has proved elusive, due to…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2021-03-04 Kevin Zhao , Prateesh Goyal , Mohammad Alizadeh , Thomas E. Anderson

Network latency severely impacts the performance of applications running on supercomputers. Adaptive routing algorithms route packets over different available paths to reduce latency and improve network utilization. However, if a switch…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-11-20 Tommaso Bonato , Daniele De Sensi , Salvatore Di Girolamo , Abdulla Bataineh , David Hewson , Duncan Roweth , Torsten Hoefler

The paper presents a quality of service aware routing protocol which provides low latency for high priority packets. Packets are differentiated based on their priority by applying queuing theory. Low priority packets are transferred through…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2012-05-17 Mary Cherian , T. R Gopalakrishnan Nair

The Real-time Transport Protocol (RTP)-based real-time communications (RTC) applications, exemplified by video conferencing, have experienced an unparalleled surge in popularity and development in recent years. In pursuit of optimizing…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Tailai Song , Paolo Garza , Michela Meo , Maurizio Matteo Munafò

The growing complexity of network traffic and demand for ultra-low latency communication require smarter packet traffic management. Existing Deep Learning-based queuing approaches struggle with dynamic network scenarios and demand high…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Shiva Raj Pokhrel , Deol Satish , Jonathan Kua , Anwar Walid

This paper studies the problem of congestion control and scheduling in ad hoc wireless networks that have to support a mixture of best-effort and real-time traffic. Optimization and stochastic network theory have been successful in…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2009-12-13 Juan Jose Jaramillo , R. Srikant

Low Latency, Low Loss Scalable throughput (L4S) is being proposed as the new default Internet service. L4S can be considered as an `incrementally deployable clean-slate' for new Internet flow-rate control mechanisms. Because, for a brief…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2019-04-17 Bob Briscoe , Koen De Schepper

Congestion control is vastly important in computer networks. Arising naturally from the bursty nature of Internet traffic, congestion plagues not only the network edge, but also the network core. Many remedies have been proposed to fight…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2020-07-06 Christen Ford
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