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While numerical simulations have been playing a key role in the studies of planet-disk interaction, testing numerical results against observations has been limited so far. With the two directly imaged protoplanets embedded in its…

Planets are born in protostellar disks, which are now observed with enough resolution to address questions about internal gas flows. Candidates for driving the flows include magnetic forces, but ionization state estimates suggest much of…

We study gap formation in gaseous protoplanetary discs by a Jupiter mass planet. The planet's orbit is circular and inclined relative to the midplane of the disc. We use the impulse approximation to estimate the gravitational tidal torque…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2017-05-31 R. O. Chametla , F. J. Sanchez-Salcedo , F. S. Masset , A. M. Hidalgo-Gamez

We study the evolution of a system consisting of two protoplanets still embedded in a protoplanetary disk. Results of two different numerical approaches are presented. In the first kind of model the motion of the disk material is followed…

Astrophysics · Physics 2023-07-19 Willy Kley

Irradiation from the central star controls the temperature structure in protoplanetary discs. Yet simulations of gravitational instability typically use models of stellar irradiation with varying complexity, or ignore it altogether,…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-09-18 Sahl Rowther , Daniel J. Price , Christophe Pinte , Rebecca Nealon , Farzana Meru , Richard Alexander

We present 3D smoothed particle hydrodynamics simulations of the collapse of clumps formed through gravitational instability in the outer part of a protoplanetary disc. The initial conditions are taken directly from a global disc…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-11 M. Galvagni , T. Hayfield , A. C. Boley , L. Mayer , R. Roskar , P. Saha

High resolution ALMA observations revealed a variety of rich substructures in numerous protoplanetary disks. These structures consist of rings, gaps and asymmetric features. It is debated whether planets can be accounted for these…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-03-31 Peter J. Rodenkirch , Thomas Rometsch , Cornelis P. Dullemond , Philipp Weber , Wilhelm Kley

Hydrodynamic simulations of planet-disk interactions often show material accumulation near the co-orbital Lagrange points $L_4$ and $L_5$ -- features that may correspond to observed crescents in protoplanetary disks. Intriguingly, these…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-05-14 Agustin Heron , Cristobal Petrovich , Pablo Benítez-Llambay , Juan Garrido-Deutelmoser

A significant fraction of unstable multiple planet systems likely scatter during the transitional disc phase as gas damping becomes ineffectual. Using an ensemble of FARGO hydrodynamic simulations and MERCURY n-body integrations, we…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-30 Nickolas Moeckel , Philip J. Armitage

Many protoplanetary disks exhibit annular gaps in dust emission, which may be produced by planets. Simulations of planet-disk interaction aimed at interpreting these observations often treat the disk thermodynamics in an overly simplified…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-12-02 Ryan Miranda , Roman R. Rafikov

We carry out local three dimensional (3D) hydrodynamic simulations of planet-disk interaction in stratified disks with varied thermodynamic properties. We find that whenever the Brunt-Vaisala frequency (N) in the disk is nonzero, the planet…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-11 Zhaohuan Zhu , James M. Stone , Roman R. Rafikov

Observations with the Atacama Large Millimeter/Submillimeter array (ALMA) have dramatically improved our understanding of the site of exoplanet formation: protoplanetary discs. However, many basic properties of these discs are not…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2020-12-09 C. Hall , R. Dong , R. Teague , J. Terry , C. Pinte , T. Paneque-Carreño , B. Veronesi , R. D. Alexander , G. Lodato

The topic of the present study is combining a dynamic model of a protoplanetary disk with the computations of radiation transfer for obtaining synthetic spectra and disk images suitable for immediate comparison of the model with…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-04-23 A. M. Skliarevskii , Ya. N. Pavlyuchenkov , E. I. Vorobyov

In this article we present results from three on-going projects related to the formation of protoplanets in protostellar discs. We present the results of simulations that model the interaction between embedded protoplanets and disc models…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Richard P. Nelson , John C. B. Papaloizou

Protoplanets can produce structures in protoplanetary disks via gravitational disk-planet interactions. Once detected, such structures serve as signposts of planet formation. Here we investigate the kinematic signatures in disks produced by…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-05-15 Ruobing Dong , Sheng-yuan Liu , Jeffrey Fung

We present the results of both global cylindrical disc simulations and local shearing box simulations of protoplanets interacting with a disc undergoing MHD turbulence with zero net flux magnetic fields. We investigate the nature of the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 John C. B. Papaloizou , Richard P. Nelson , Mark D. Snellgrove

Current imaging observations of protoplanetary disks using ALMA primarily focus on the sub-millimeter wavelength, leaving a gap in effective observational approaches for centimeter-sized dust, which is crucial to the issue of planet…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-03-18 Yinhao Wu , Shang-Fei Liu , Haochang Jiang , Sergei Nayakshin

Spiral arms have been observed in nearly a dozen protoplanetary discs in near-infrared scattered light and recently also in the sub-millimetre continuum. While one of the most compelling explanations is that they are driven by planetary or…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2017-12-27 Attila Juhasz , Giovanni P. Rosotti

We study the evolution of circumbinary disks under the gravitational influence of the binary using two-dimensional hydrodynamical simulations to investigate the impact of disk and binary parameters on the dynamical aspects of the disk. To…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-06-14 Daniel Thun , Wilhelm Kley , Giovanni Picogna

The migration of planets within their nascent protoplanetary disks is a fundamental process that shapes the final architecture of planetary systems. However, studying this phenomenon through direct hydrodynamical simulations is…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2026-01-14 Ximena S. Ramos , Pablo Benitez-Llambay