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Large language models (LLMs) achieve strong performance across diverse domains but remain difficult to deploy in resource-constrained environments due to their size. Low-rank compression is a common remedy, typically minimizing weight…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Md Mokarram Chowdhury , Daniel Agyei Asante , Ernie Chang , Yang Li

Due to the substantial scale of Large Language Models (LLMs), the direct application of conventional compression methodologies proves impractical. The computational demands associated with even minimal gradient updates present challenges,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-13 Arnav Chavan , Nahush Lele , Deepak Gupta

The impressive capabilities of large foundation models come at a cost of substantial computing resources to serve them. Compressing these pre-trained models is of practical interest as it can democratize deploying them to the machine…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-02-04 Mehdi Makni , Kayhan Behdin , Zheng Xu , Natalia Ponomareva , Rahul Mazumder

Modern foundation models such as large language models (LLMs) and large multi-modal models (LMMs) require a massive amount of computational and memory resources. We propose a new framework to convert such LLMs/LMMs into a reduced-dimension…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Toshiaki Koike-Akino , Xiangyu Chen , Jing Liu , Ye Wang , Pu , Wang , Matthew Brand

On-device learning is essential for personalization, privacy, and long-term adaptation in resource-constrained environments. Achieving this requires efficient learning, both fine-tuning existing models and continually acquiring new tasks…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Marco Paul E. Apolinario , Kaushik Roy

Large Language Models (LLMs) have enabled remarkable progress in natural language processing, yet their high computational and memory demands pose challenges for deployment in resource-constrained environments. Although recent low-rank…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-09 Jiayi Tian , Ryan Solgi , Jinming Lu , Yifan Yang , Hai Li , Zheng Zhang

Low-rank and sparse composite approximation is a natural idea to compress Large Language Models (LLMs). However, such an idea faces two primary challenges that adversely affect the performance of existing methods. The first challenge…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-27 Changhai Zhou , Qian Qiao , Yuhua Zhou , Yuxin Wu , Shichao Weng , Weizhong Zhang , Cheng Jin

Large language models (LLMs) significantly enhance the performance of various applications, but they are computationally intensive and energy-demanding. This makes it challenging to deploy them on devices with limited resources, such as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-22 Yang Li , Daniel Agyei Asante , Changsheng Zhao , Ernie Chang , Yangyang Shi , Vikas Chandra

Large Language Models (LLMs) have pushed the frontier of artificial intelligence but are comprised of hundreds of billions of parameters and operations. For faster inference latency, LLMs are deployed on multiple hardware accelerators…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-07 Jan Hansen-Palmus , Michael Truong Le , Oliver Hausdörfer , Alok Verma

To alleviate the memory bandwidth bottleneck in Large Language Model (LLM) inference workloads, weight matrices are stored in memory in quantized and sparsified formats. Hence, before tiles of these matrices can be processed by in-core…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-08-11 Gerasimos Gerogiannis , Stijn Eyerman , Evangelos Georganas , Wim Heirman , Josep Torrellas

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities across various tasks, but the billion-scale parameters pose deployment challenges. Although existing methods attempt to reduce the scale of LLMs, they require either…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Xinhao Huang , You-Liang Huang , Zeyi Wen

Large Language Models (LLM) have achieved remarkable performance across a large number of tasks, but face critical deployment and usage barriers due to substantial computational requirements. Model compression methods, which aim to reduce…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-15 David Ponce , Thierry Etchegoyhen , Javier Del Ser

Post-training compression reduces LLM parameter counts but often produces irregular tensor dimensions that degrade GPU performance -- a phenomenon we call \emph{dimensional misalignment}. We present a full-stack analysis tracing root causes…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Jihao Xin , Tian Lyu , Qilong Pan , Kesen Wang , Marco Canini

In this work, we propose an extreme compression technique for Large Multimodal Models (LMMs). While previous studies have explored quantization as an efficient post-training compression method for Large Language Models (LLMs), low-bit…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Mohsen Gholami , Mohammad Akbari , Kevin Cannons , Yong Zhang

This paper presents a novel pre-trained language models (PLM) compression approach based on the matrix product operator (short as MPO) from quantum many-body physics. It can decompose an original matrix into central tensors (containing the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-07 Peiyu Liu , Ze-Feng Gao , Wayne Xin Zhao , Z. Y. Xie , Zhong-Yi Lu , Ji-Rong Wen

Low-rank approximations, of the weight and feature space can enhance the performance of deep learning models, whether in terms of improving generalization or reducing the latency of inference. However, there is no clear consensus yet on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Arnav Chavan , Nahush Lele , Deepak Gupta

Large Language Models (LLMs) achieve strong performance across tasks, but face storage and compute challenges on edge devices. We propose EntroLLM, a compression framework combining mixed quantization and entropy coding to reduce storage…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Arnab Sanyal , Gourav Datta , Prithwish Mukherjee , Sandeep P. Chinchali , Michael Orshansky

Large Language Models are growing in size, and we expect them to continue to do so, as larger models train quicker. However, this increase in size will severely impact inference costs. Therefore model compression is important, to retain the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-10 Georgy Tyukin

We introduce CompAct, a technique that reduces peak memory utilization on GPU by 25-30% for pretraining and 50% for fine-tuning of LLMs. Peak device memory is a major limiting factor in training LLMs, with various recent works aiming to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Yara Shamshoum , Nitzan Hodos , Yuval Sieradzki , Assaf Schuster

Dimensionality reduction is essential in simulation-based shape design, where high-dimensional parameterizations hinder optimization, surrogate modeling, and systematic design-space exploration. Parametric Model Embedding (PME) addresses…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Andrea Serani , Giorgio Palma , Matteo Diez
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