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Test-time augmentation, such as Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) or tool use, critically depends on an interplay between a model's parametric knowledge and externally retrieved information. However, the theoretical underpinnings of this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Avrim Blum , Daniel Hsu , Cyrus Rashtchian , Donya Saless

Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) and multi-modal LLMs have been remarkable. However, these models still rely solely on their parametric knowledge, which limits their ability to generate up-to-date information and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Zihan Ling , Zhiyao Guo , Yixuan Huang , Yi An , Shuai Xiao , Jinsong Lan , Xiaoyong Zhu , Bo Zheng

Retrieval-Augmented Language Models (RALMs) have significantly improved performance in open-domain question answering (QA) by leveraging external knowledge. However, RALMs still struggle with unanswerable queries, where the retrieved…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-09 Seong-Il Park , Seung-Woo Choi , Na-Hyun Kim , Jay-Yoon Lee

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) improves Large Language Models (LLMs) by incorporating external information into the response generation process. However, how context-faithful LLMs are and what factors influence LLMs' context…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-11 Yuepei Li , Kang Zhou , Qiao Qiao , Bach Nguyen , Qing Wang , Qi Li

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) has gained traction as a powerful approach for enhancing language models by integrating external knowledge sources. However, RAG introduces challenges such as retrieval latency, potential errors in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Brian J Chan , Chao-Ting Chen , Jui-Hung Cheng , Hen-Hsen Huang

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) improves factual grounding in large language models but suffers from substantial latency due to synchronous retrieval. While recent work explores asynchronous retrieval, existing approaches rely on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Wuyang Zhang , Shichao Pei

Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) have made remarkable strides in multimodal tasks such as visual question answering, visual grounding, and complex reasoning. However, they remain limited by static training data, susceptibility to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-27 Chan-Wei Hu , Yueqi Wang , Shuo Xing , Chia-Ju Chen , Suofei Feng , Ryan Rossi , Zhengzhong Tu

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has emerged as a powerful framework to overcome the knowledge limitations of Large Language Models (LLMs) by integrating external retrieval with language generation. While early RAG systems based on…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Jintao Liang , Gang Su , Huifeng Lin , You Wu , Rui Zhao , Ziyue Li

Effectively incorporating external knowledge into Large Language Models (LLMs) is crucial for enhancing their capabilities and addressing real-world needs. Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) offers an effective method for achieving this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-06 Kuan Li , Liwen Zhang , Yong Jiang , Pengjun Xie , Fei Huang , Shuai Wang , Minhao Cheng

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) is a powerful technique that enhances downstream task execution by retrieving additional information, such as knowledge, skills, and tools from external sources. Graph, by its intrinsic "nodes connected…

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has emerged as a crucial framework in natural language processing (NLP), improving factual consistency and reducing hallucinations by integrating external document retrieval with large language models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Youngjoon Jang , Seongtae Hong , Junyoung Son , Sungjin Park , Chanjun Park , Heuiseok Lim

Recent studies have demonstrated that large language models (LLMs) exhibit significant biases in evaluation tasks, particularly in preferentially rating and favoring self-generated content. However, the extent to which this bias manifests…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Yen-Shan Chen , Jing Jin , Peng-Ting Kuo , Chao-Wei Huang , Yun-Nung Chen

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) is widely used to inject external non-parametric knowledge into large language models (LLMs). Recent works suggest that Knowledge Graphs (KGs) contain valuable external knowledge for LLMs. Retrieving…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Wenyu Huang , Guancheng Zhou , Hongru Wang , Pavlos Vougiouklis , Mirella Lapata , Jeff Z. Pan

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) is a powerful strategy for improving the factual accuracy of models by retrieving external knowledge relevant to queries and incorporating it into the generation process. However, existing approaches…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Soyeong Jeong , Kangsan Kim , Jinheon Baek , Sung Ju Hwang

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems often fail to maintain contextual faithfulness, generating responses that conflict with the provided context or fail to fully leverage the provided evidence. Existing methods attempt to improve…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Linfeng Gao , Qinggang Zhang , Baolong Bi , Bo Zeng , Zheng Yuan , Zerui Chen , Zhimin Wei , Shenghua Liu , Linlong Xu , Longyue Wang , Weihua Luo , Jinsong Su

Case-based reasoning (CBR) is an experience-based approach to problem solving, where a repository of solved cases is adapted to solve new cases. Recent research shows that Large Language Models (LLMs) with Retrieval-Augmented Generation…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-01-10 Ofir Marom

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) typically treats retrieval and generation as separate systems. We ask whether an attention-based encoder-decoder can instead retrieve directly from its own internal representations. We introduce INTRA…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Elad Hoffer , Yochai Blau , Edan Kinderman , Ron Banner , Daniel Soudry , Boris Ginsburg

Knowing that the generative capabilities of large language models (LLM) are sometimes hampered by tendencies to hallucinate or create non-factual responses, researchers have increasingly focused on methods to ground generated outputs in…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-11-20 Sonal Prabhune , Donald J. Berndt

Recent advancements in Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) have revolutionized natural language processing by integrating Large Language Models (LLMs) with external information retrieval, enabling accurate, up-to-date, and verifiable text…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Aoran Gan , Hao Yu , Kai Zhang , Qi Liu , Wenyu Yan , Zhenya Huang , Shiwei Tong , Guoping Hu

Recently, Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) has emerged as a powerful technique in natural language processing, combining the strengths of retrieval-based and generation-based models to enhance text generation tasks. However, the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-15 Samhaa R. El-Beltagy , Mohamed A. Abdallah