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Hierarchical reinforcement learning (HRL) provides a promising solution for complex tasks with sparse rewards of intelligent agents, which uses a hierarchical framework that divides tasks into subgoals and completes them sequentially.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-11-28 Xinglin Zhou , Yifu Yuan , Shaofu Yang , Jianye Hao

Neural Radiance Field (NeRF) has emerged as a promising 3D reconstruction method, delivering high-quality results for AR/VR applications. While quantization methods and hardware accelerators have been proposed to enhance NeRF's…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Yipu Zhang , Chaofang Ma , Jinming Ge , Lin Jiang , Jiang Xu , Wei Zhang

Diffusion models have become a central paradigm for image and multimodal generation, yet their deployment raises persistent questions about alignment, safety, preference satisfaction, and robustness to misuse. This survey reviews recent…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Preeti Lamba , Kiran Ravish , Ankita Kushwaha , Pawan Kumar

We describe a method to use discrete human feedback to enhance the performance of deep learning agents in virtual three-dimensional environments by extending deep-reinforcement learning to model the confidence and consistency of human…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-06-24 Zhiyu Lin , Brent Harrison , Aaron Keech , Mark O. Riedl

Reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF) has emerged as a key technique for aligning the output of large language models (LLMs) with human preferences. To learn the reward function, most existing RLHF algorithms use the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-02-11 Kai Ye , Hongyi Zhou , Jin Zhu , Francesco Quinzan , Chengchun Shi

In an era where visual content generation is increasingly driven by machine learning, the integration of human feedback into generative models presents significant opportunities for enhancing user experience and output quality. This study…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-20 Dimitri von Rütte , Elisabetta Fedele , Jonathan Thomm , Lukas Wolf

The correct specification of reward models is a well-known challenge in reinforcement learning. Hand-crafted reward functions often lead to inefficient or suboptimal policies and may not be aligned with user values. Reinforcement learning…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-24 Muhan Lin , Shuyang Shi , Yue Guo , Behdad Chalaki , Vaishnav Tadiparthi , Ehsan Moradi Pari , Simon Stepputtis , Joseph Campbell , Katia Sycara

Diffusion models are a class of flexible generative models trained with an approximation to the log-likelihood objective. However, most use cases of diffusion models are not concerned with likelihoods, but instead with downstream objectives…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-08 Kevin Black , Michael Janner , Yilun Du , Ilya Kostrikov , Sergey Levine

Reinforcement Learning from Human feedback (RLHF) has become a powerful tool to fine-tune or train agentic machine learning models. Similar to how humans interact in social contexts, we can use many types of feedback to communicate our…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-21 Yannick Metz , David Lindner , Raphaël Baur , Mennatallah El-Assady

Fine-tuning text-to-image diffusion models with human feedback is an effective method for aligning model behavior with human intentions. However, this alignment process often suffers from slow convergence due to the large size and noise…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-03 Yongjin Yang , Sihyeon Kim , Hojung Jung , Sangmin Bae , SangMook Kim , Se-Young Yun , Kimin Lee

Aligning generative diffusion models with human preferences via reinforcement learning (RL) is critical yet challenging. Most existing algorithms are often vulnerable to reward hacking, such as quality degradation, over-stylization, or…

Reinforcement Learning with Human Feedback (RLHF) has become crucial for aligning Large Language Models (LLMs) with human intent. However, existing offline RLHF approaches suffer from overoptimization, where language models degrade by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Sharan Sahu , Martin T. Wells

How can we train a dialog model to produce better conversations by learning from human feedback, without the risk of humans teaching it harmful chat behaviors? We start by hosting models online, and gather human feedback from real-time,…

Human explanation (e.g., in terms of feature importance) has been recently used to extend the communication channel between human and agent in interactive machine learning. Under this setting, human trainers provide not only the ground…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-10-28 Lin Guan , Mudit Verma , Sihang Guo , Ruohan Zhang , Subbarao Kambhampati

The effectiveness of reinforcement learning (RL) agents in continuous control robotics tasks is mainly dependent on the design of the underlying reward function, which is highly prone to reward hacking. A misalignment between the reward…

Diffusion models have emerged as powerful tools for 3D medical image generation, yet bridging the gap between standard training objectives and clinical relevance remains a challenge. This paper presents a method to enhance 3D diffusion…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Yueying Tian , Xudong Han , Meng Zhou , Rodrigo Aviles-Espinosa , Rupert Young , Philip Birch

Generative diffusion models (DM) have been extensively utilized in image super-resolution (ISR). Most of the existing methods adopt the denoising loss from DDPMs for model optimization. We posit that introducing reward feedback learning to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-05 Xiaopeng Sun , Qinwei Lin , Yu Gao , Yujie Zhong , Chengjian Feng , Dengjie Li , Zheng Zhao , Jie Hu , Lin Ma

Owing to the robust priors of diffusion models, recent approaches have shown promise in addressing real-world super-resolution (Real-SR). However, achieving semantic consistency and perceptual naturalness to meet human perception demands…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-11 Jiangang Wang , Qingnan Fan , Qi Zhang , Haigen Liu , Yuhang Yu , Jinwei Chen , Wenqi Ren

Reward Feedback Learning (ReFL) has recently shown great potential in aligning model outputs with human preferences across various generative tasks. In this work, we introduce a ReFL framework, named DiffusionReward, to the Blind Face…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Bin Wu , Wei Wang , Yahui Liu , Zixiang Li , Yao Zhao

While large language models demonstrate remarkable capabilities, they often present challenges in terms of safety, alignment with human values, and stability during training. Here, we focus on two prevalent methods used to align these…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-26 Gabriel Mukobi , Peter Chatain , Su Fong , Robert Windesheim , Gitta Kutyniok , Kush Bhatia , Silas Alberti