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Answering a question of Clark and Ehrenborg (2010), we determine asymptotics for the number of permutations of size n that admit the most common excedance set. In fact, we provide a more general bivariate asymptotic using the multivariate…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-05-30 Rodrigo Ferraz de Andrade , Erik Lundberg , Brendan Nagle

A relaxed $k$-ary tree is an ordered directed acyclic graph with a unique source and sink in which every node has out-degree $k$. These objects arise in the compression of trees in which some repeated subtrees are factored and repeated…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-04-15 Manosij Ghosh Dastidar , Michael Wallner

We present a quantitative basis-independent analysis of combinatory logic. Using a general argument regarding plane binary trees with labelled leaves, we generalise the results of David et al. and Bendkowski et al. to all Turing-complete…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2016-07-19 Maciej Bendkowski , Katarzyna Grygiel , Marek Zaionc

Using a result of Gessel and Reutenauer, we find a simple formula for the number of cyclic permutations with a given descent set, by expressing it in terms of ordinary descent numbers (i.e., those counting all permutations with a given…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-07-16 Sergi Elizalde , Justin M. Troyka

Baxter numbers are known to count several families of combinatorial objects, all of which come equipped with natural involutions. In this paper, we add a combinatorial family to the list, and show that the known bijections between these…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-02-13 Kevin Dilks

A compacted binary tree is a graph created from a binary tree such that repeatedly occurring subtrees in the original tree are represented by pointers to existing ones, and hence every subtree is unique. Such representations form a special…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-03-10 Antoine Genitrini , Bernhard Gittenberger , Manuel Kauers , Michael Wallner

We give a new construction of a Hopf subalgebra of the Hopf algebra of Free quasi-symmetric functions whose bases are indexed by objects belonging to the Baxter combinatorial family (i.e. Baxter permutations, pairs of twin binary trees,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-04-26 Samuele Giraudo

Although asymptotic analyses of undirected network models based on degree sequences have started to appear in recent literature, it remains an open problem to study statistical properties of directed network models. In this paper, we…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2016-01-13 Ting Yan , Chenlei Leng , Ji Zhu

We use recurrences (alias difference equations) to prove the longstanding conjecture that the two most important permutation statistics, namely the number of inversions and the major index, are asymptotically joint-independently-normal. We…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2011-02-08 Andrew Baxter , Doron Zeilberger

We consider uniform random permutations drawn from a family enumerated through generating trees. We develop a new general technique to establish a central limit theorem for the number of consecutive occurrences of a fixed pattern in such…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-12-22 Jacopo Borga

We study permutations that are sorted by operators of the form $\mathbf{S} \circ \alpha \circ \mathbf{S}$, where $\mathbf{S}$ is the usual stack sorting operator introduced by D. Knuth and $\alpha$ is any $D_8$-symmetry obtained combining…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-10-24 Mathilde Bouvel , Olivier Guibert

For the calculation of Springer numbers (of root systems) of type $B_n$ and $D_n$, Arnold introduced a signed analogue of alternating permutations, called $\beta_n$-snakes, and derived recurrence relations for enumerating the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-11-02 Sen-Peng Eu , Tung-Shan Fu

In this paper we use a probabilistic approach to derive the expressions for the characteristic functions of basic statistics defined on permutation tableaux. Since our expressions are exact, we can identify the distributions of basic…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2009-04-09 Pawel Hitczenko , Svante Janson

We obtain bivariate asymptotics for the number of (unicellular) combinatorial maps (a model of discrete surfaces) as both the size and the genus grow. This work is related to two research topics that have been very active recently:…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-04-14 Andrew Elvey Price , Wenjie Fang , Baptiste Louf , Michael Wallner

Phylogenetic networks provide a general framework for modeling reticulate evolutionary processes such as hybridization, recombination, and horizontal gene transfer. In this paper, we study the asymptotic counting of binary phylogenetic…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2026-05-25 Hao Yu , Louxin Zhang

A permutation of size $n$ can be identified to its diagram in which there is exactly one point per row and column in the grid $[n]^2$. In this paper we consider multidimensional permutations (or $d$-permutations), which are identified to…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-10-12 Nicolas Bonichon , Pierre-Jean Morel

A record in a permutation is a maximum or a minimum, from the left or from the right. The entries of a permutation can be partitioned into two types: the ones that are records are called external points, the others are called internal…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-12-22 Jacopo Borga , Enrica Duchi , Erik Slivken

We study the asymptotics of solutions of a difference system introduced by Baxter by using the general method for the asymptotic representation of such solutions due to Benzaid and Lutz. Some results of Tauberian type are obtained in the…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2010-04-13 Jeffrey S. Geronimo , Leonid Golinskii

Asymptotic expansions are derived for Gegenbauer (ultraspherical) polynomials for large order $n$ that are uniformly valid for unbounded complex values of the argument $z$, including the real interval $0 \leq z \leq 1$ in which the zeros in…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2025-07-04 T. M. Dunster

We prove a conjecture by Shannon Starr regarding the asymptotics for the number of tuples of commuting permutations with given number of joint orbits. These numbers generalize unsigned Stirling numbers of the first kind which count how many…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-06-10 Abdelmalek Abdesselam