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The electron density of a molecule or material has recently received major attention as a target quantity of machine-learning models. A natural choice to construct a model that yields transferable and linear-scaling predictions is to…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2022-06-29 Andrea Grisafi , Alan M. Lewis , Mariana Rossi , Michele Ceriotti

We introduce a local machine-learning method for predicting the electron densities of periodic systems. The framework is based on a numerical, atom-centred auxiliary basis, which enables an accurate expansion of the all-electron density in…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2021-11-10 Alan M. Lewis , Andrea Grisafi , Michele Ceriotti , Mariana Rossi

Electron charge density is a fundamental physical quantity, determining various properties of matter. In this study, we have proposed a deep-learning model for accurate charge density prediction. Our model naturally preserves physical…

Materials Science · Physics 2023-09-27 Taoyuze Lv , Zhicheng Zhong , Yuhang Liang , Feng Li , Jun Huang , Rongkun Zheng

The electronic charge density plays a central role in determining the behavior of matter at the atomic scale, but its computational evaluation requires demanding electronic-structure calculations. We introduce an atom-centered,…

We propose machine learning (ML) models to predict the electron density -- the fundamental unknown of a material's ground state -- across the composition space of concentrated alloys. From this, other physical properties can be inferred,…

According to density functional theory, any chemical property can be inferred from the electron density, making it the most informative attribute of an atomic structure. In this work, we demonstrate the use of established physical methods…

Materials Science · Physics 2023-09-12 Ethan M. Sunshine , Muhammed Shuaibi , Zachary W. Ulissi , John R. Kitchin

A long-standing goal of science is to accurately solve the Schr\"odinger equation for large molecular systems. The poor scaling of current quantum chemistry algorithms on classical computers imposes an effective limit of about a few dozen…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2022-02-11 Joshua A. Rackers , Lucas Tecot , Mario Geiger , Tess E. Smidt

Drawing inspiration from the domain of image super-resolution, we view the electron density as a 3D grayscale image and use a convolutional residual network to transform a crude and trivially generated guess of the molecular density into an…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2025-07-30 Chenghan Li , Or Sharir , Shunyue Yuan , Garnet K. Chan

Electron density $\rho(\vec{r})$ is the fundamental variable in the calculation of ground state energy with density functional theory (DFT). Beyond total energy, features and changes in $\rho(\vec{r})$ distributions are often used to…

Computational Physics · Physics 2022-08-30 Peter Bjørn Jørgensen , Arghya Bhowmik

Modeling the time-dependent evolution of electron density is essential for understanding quantum mechanical behaviors of condensed matter and enabling predictive simulations in spectroscopy, photochemistry, and ultrafast science. Yet, while…

Computational Physics · Physics 2025-09-03 Yuan Chiang , Youngsoo Choi , Daniel Osei-Kuffuor

We present a response-augmented machine learning (ML) approach to the energetics of electrified metal surfaces. We leverage local descriptors to learn the work function as the first-order energy change to introduced bias charges and…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-05-27 Nicolas Bergmann , Nicéphore Bonnet , Nicola Marzari , Karsten Reuter , Nicolas G. Hörmann

The ground state electron density -- obtainable using Kohn-Sham Density Functional Theory (KS-DFT) simulations -- contains a wealth of material information, making its prediction via machine learning (ML) models attractive. However, the…

The electronic density of states (DOS) quantifies the distribution of the energy levels that can be occupied by electrons in a quasiparticle picture, and is central to modern electronic structure theory. It also underpins the computation…

Materials Science · Physics 2021-01-04 Chiheb Ben Mahmoud , Andrea Anelli , Gábor Csányi , Michele Ceriotti

A crucial aspect in the simulation of electrochemical interfaces consists in treating the distribution of electronic charge of electrode materials that are put in contact with an electrolyte solution. Recently, it has been shown how a…

Materials Science · Physics 2024-07-16 Andrea Grisafi , Mathieu Salanne

We propose a simple, but efficient and accurate machine learning (ML) model for developing high-dimensional potential energy surface. This so-called embedded atom neural network (EANN) approach is inspired by the well-known empirical…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2019-10-23 Yaolong Zhang , Ce Hu , Bin Jiang

The Kohn-Sham scheme of density functional theory is one of the most widely used methods to solve electronic structure problems for a vast variety of atomistic systems across different scientific fields. While the method is fast relative to…

We present a local and transferable machine learning approach capable of predicting the real-space density response of both molecules and periodic systems to external homogeneous electric fields. The new method, SALTER, builds on the…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2023-07-19 Alan M Lewis , Paolo Lazzaroni , Mariana Rossi

Hohenberg and Kohn have proven that the electronic energy and the one-particle electron density can, in principle, be obtained by minimizing an energy functional with respect to the density. While decades of theoretical work have produced…

The combination of modern scientific computing with electronic structure theory can lead to an unprecedented amount of data amenable to intelligent data analysis for the identification of meaningful, novel, and predictive structure-property…

Machine-learning interatomic potentials (MLIPs) have enabled molecular dynamics at near ab initio accuracy, yet remain limited to energies and forces by construction, leaving electronic observables such as dipole moments and…

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