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Related papers: Physics-Informed GNN for non-linear constrained op…

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This paper introduces, for the first time to our knowledge, physics-informed neural networks to accurately estimate the AC-OPF result and delivers rigorous guarantees about their performance. Power system operators, along with several other…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-07-29 Rahul Nellikkath , Spyros Chatzivasileiadis

Alternating current optimal power flow (AC-OPF) is one of the fundamental problems in power systems operation. AC-OPF is traditionally cast as a constrained optimization problem that seeks optimal generation set points whilst fulfilling a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-18 Henning Lange , Bingqing Chen , Mario Berges , Soummya Kar

Learning to solve the Alternating Current Optimal Power Flow (AC-OPF) problem by neural networks (NNs) is a promising approach in real-time applications. Existing methods to ensure the physical feasibility of NN outputs embed a power flow…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Jiebao Zhang , Haoyu Yan , Zhichao Sheng , Hongwen Yu , Shuang Ye , Haoyu Wang , Ye Shi

This paper proposes a hard-constrained unsupervised learning framework for rapidly solving the non-linear and non-convex AC optimal power flow (AC-OPF) problem in real-time operation. Without requiring ground-truth AC-OPF solutions,…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-09 Kejun Chen , Bernard Knueven , Wesley Jones

In this paper, we develop an online method that leverages machine learning to obtain feasible solutions to the AC optimal power flow (OPF) problem with negligible optimality gaps on extremely fast timescales (e.g., milliseconds), bypassing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-04 Ahmed Zamzam , Kyri Baker

Optimal power flow (OPF) is the central optimization problem in electric power grids. Although solved routinely in the course of power grid operations, it is known to be strongly NP-hard in general, and weakly NP-hard over tree networks. In…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2016-06-22 Krishnamurthy Dvijotham , Pascal Van Hentenryck , Michael Chertkov , Sidhant Misra , Marc Vuffray

The AC optimal power flow (AC-OPF) problem is essential for power system operations, but its non-convex nature makes it challenging to solve. A widely used simplification is the linearized DC optimal power flow (DC-OPF) problem, which can…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-01-28 Salvador Pineda , Juan Pérez-Ruiz , Juan Miguel Morales

Optimal Power Flow (OPF) is a core optimization problem in power system operation and planning, aiming to minimize generation costs while satisfying physical constraints such as power flow equations, generator limits, and voltage limits.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Xuezhi Liu

Optimal power flow (OPF) is a critical optimization problem that allocates power to the generators in order to satisfy the demand at a minimum cost. Solving this problem exactly is computationally infeasible in the general case. In this…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-10-18 Damian Owerko , Fernando Gama , Alejandro Ribeiro

Optimal power flow (OPF) is one of the most important optimization problems in the energy industry. In its simplest form, OPF attempts to find the optimal power that the generators within the grid have to produce to satisfy a given demand.…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-10-23 Damian Owerko , Fernando Gama , Alejandro Ribeiro

High percentage penetrations of renewable energy generations introduce significant uncertainty into power systems. It requires grid operators to solve alternative current optimal power flow (AC-OPF) problems more frequently for economical…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-07-04 Xiang Pan , Minghua Chen , Tianyu Zhao , Steven H. Low

AC optimal power flow (AC-OPF) problems need to be solved more frequently in the future to maintain stable and economic power system operation. To tackle this challenge, a deep neural network-based voltage-constrained approach (DeepOPF-V)…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-07-20 Wanjun Huang , Xiang Pan , Minghua Chen , Steven H. Low

Alternating-Current Optimal Power Flow (AC-OPF) is framed as a NP-hard non-convex optimization problem that solves for the most economical dispatch of grid generation given the AC-network and device constraints. Although there are no…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-08-29 Amritanshu Pandey , Aayushya Agarwal , Larry Pileggi

Alternating Current Optimal Power Flow (AC-OPF) aims to optimize generator power outputs by utilizing the non-linear relationships between voltage magnitudes and phase angles in a power system. However, current AC-OPF solvers struggle to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Hongjie Zhu , Zezheng Zhang , Zeyu Zhang , Yu Bai , Shimin Wen , Huazhang Wang , Daji Ergu , Ying Cai , Yang Zhao

The DC Optimal Power Flow (DC-OPF) problem is fundamental to power system operations, requiring rapid solutions for real-time grid management. While traditional optimization solvers provide optimal solutions, their computational cost…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-15 Kshitiz Khanal

Solving the AC optimal power flow problem (AC-OPF) is critical to the efficient and safe planning and operation of power grids. Small efficiency improvements in this domain have the potential to lead to billions of dollars of cost savings,…

DC Optimal Power Flow (DC-OPF) problems optimize the generators' active power setpoints while satisfying constraints based on the DC power flow linearization. The computational tractability advantages of DC-OPF problems come at the expense…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-12-23 Babak Taheri , Daniel K. Molzahn

Optimal power flow (OPF) is a very fundamental but vital optimization problem in the power system, which aims at solving a specific objective function (ex.: generator costs) while maintaining the system in the stable and safe operations. In…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-04-09 Yuhao Zhou , Bei Zhang , Chunlei Xu , Tu Lan , Ruisheng Diao , Di Shi , Zhiwei Wang , Wei-Jen Lee

Stepwise controllable devices, such as switched capacitors or stepwise controllable loads and generators, transform the nonconvex AC optimal power flow (AC-OPF) problem into a nonconvex mixed-integer (MI) programming problem which is…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-10-13 Johannes Heid , Nils Bornhorst , Eric Tönges , Philipp Härtel , Denis Mende , Martin Braun

The optimal power flow (OPF) problem, which plays a central role in operating electrical networks is considered. The problem is nonconvex and is in fact NP hard. Therefore, designing efficient algorithms of practical relevance is crucial,…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2014-08-20 S. Magnússon , P. C. Weeraddana , C. Fischione
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