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The widespread use of generative AI systems is coupled with significant ethical and social challenges. As a result, policymakers, academic researchers, and social advocacy groups have all called for such systems to be audited. However,…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-07-09 Jakob Mokander , Justin Curl , Mihir Kshirsagar

The overall rapid increase of artificial intelligence (AI) use is linked to various initiatives that propose AI 'for good'. However, there is a lack of transparency in the goals of such projects, as well as a missing evaluation of their…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Theresa Züger , Laura State , Lena Winter

Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly being adopted in most industries, and for applications such as note taking and checking grammar, there is typically not a cause for concern. However, when constitutional rights are involved, as…

The lack of explainability of Artificial Intelligence (AI) is one of the first obstacles that the industry and regulators must overcome to mitigate the risks associated with the technology. The need for eXplainable AI (XAI) is evident in…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-02-24 Georgios Pavlidis

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is becoming the corner stone of many systems used in our daily lives such as autonomous vehicles, healthcare systems, and unmanned aircraft systems. Machine Learning is a field of AI that enables systems to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-06-27 Lionel Nganyewou Tidjon , Foutse Khomh

We argue that the phenomena of distributed responsibility, induced acceptance, and acceptance through ignorance constitute instances of imperfect delegation when tasks are delegated to computationally-driven systems. Imperfect delegation…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-05-05 Michele Loi , Matthias Spielkamp

Calls for transparency in AI systems are growing in number and urgency from diverse stakeholders ranging from regulators to researchers to users (with a comparative absence of companies developing AI). Notions of transparency for AI abound,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-02-03 Peter Hall , Olivia Mundahl , Sunoo Park

Artificial Intelligence (AI) applications are being used to predict and assess behaviour in multiple domains, such as criminal justice and consumer finance, which directly affect human well-being. However, if AI is to improve people's…

Other Computer Science · Computer Science 2019-06-12 Andrea Aler Tubella , Andreas Theodorou , Virginia Dignum , Frank Dignum

As Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems proliferate, the need for systematic, transparent, and actionable processes for evaluating them is growing. While many resources exist to support AI evaluation, they have several limitations. Few…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Rachel M. Kim , Blaine Kuehnert , Alice Lai , Kenneth Holstein , Hoda Heidari , Rayid Ghani

Much attention has focused on algorithmic audits and impact assessments to hold developers and users of algorithmic systems accountable. But existing algorithmic accountability policy approaches have neglected the lessons from…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2022-06-13 Inioluwa Deborah Raji , Peggy Xu , Colleen Honigsberg , Daniel E. Ho

The emergence of AI legislation has increased the need to assess the ethical compliance of high-risk AI systems. Traditional auditing methods rely on platforms' application programming interfaces (APIs), where responses to queries are…

Algorithmic decision making is now widespread, ranging from health care allocation to more common actions such as recommendation or information ranking. The aim to audit these algorithms has grown alongside. In this paper, we focus on…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2022-03-09 Erwan Le Merrer , Ronan Pons , Gilles Trédan

The use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in high-risk, decision-making scenarios presents technical, safety, and normative challenges; problems that may only be ameliorated by human oversight. However, notions of human oversight lack a…

Recent work has raised concerns on the risk of unintended bias in AI systems being used nowadays that can affect individuals unfairly based on race, gender or religion, among other possible characteristics. While a lot of bias metrics and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-04-30 Pedro Saleiro , Benedict Kuester , Loren Hinkson , Jesse London , Abby Stevens , Ari Anisfeld , Kit T. Rodolfa , Rayid Ghani

This paper addresses the critical challenge of building consumer trust in AI-powered customer engagement by emphasising the necessity for transparency and accountability. Despite the potential of AI to revolutionise business operations and…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-10-04 Tara DeZao

Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology epitomizes the complex challenges posed by human-made artifacts, particularly those widely integrated into society and exerting significant influence, highlighting potential benefits and their…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-06 Michael Papademas , Xenia Ziouvelou , Antonis Troumpoukis , Vangelis Karkaletsis

The rapid development of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology has enabled the deployment of various systems based on it. However, many current AI systems are found vulnerable to imperceptible attacks, biased against underrepresented…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-05-27 Bo Li , Peng Qi , Bo Liu , Shuai Di , Jingen Liu , Jiquan Pei , Jinfeng Yi , Bowen Zhou

As Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems become increasingly integrated into various aspects of daily life, concerns about privacy and ethical accountability are gaining prominence. This study explores stakeholder perspectives on privacy in…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Ajay Kumar Shrestha , Sandhya Joshi

Algorithms of online platforms are required under the Digital Services Act (DSA) to comply with specific obligations concerning algorithmic transparency, user protection and privacy. To verify compliance with these requirements, DSA…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Sara Solarova , Matúš Mesarčík , Branislav Pecher , Ivan Srba

Privacy-preserving AI algorithms are widely adopted in various domains, but the lack of transparency might pose accountability issues. While auditing algorithms can address this issue, machine-based audit approaches are often costly and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-04-26 Ya-Ting Yang , Tao Zhang , Quanyan Zhu